步行及跑步的下肢肌電訊號之穿戴式無線記錄系統

Abstract

隨著醫療技術水平的提升以及現今人們對於健康照護的重視，近年來國人健康意識越加蓬勃，對於自我的健康狀況與意識逐步上升，無論年長者或者是青壯年都希望能增進身體健康以及延緩老化。健康的身體，需要透過改善生活習慣與長期的肌力訓練來達成，而人類的身體活動能力的優劣與肌耐力息息相關，其中最重要的是下半身的肌群。故本文透過量測多通道下肢表面肌電圖(Surface Electromyography)肌電訊號，開發一款應用於步行之穿戴式無線記錄系統，量測股外側肌(Vastus Lateralis, VL)、脛骨前肌(Tibialis Anterior, TA)、腓腸肌外側(Gastrocnemius Lateralis, LG)、比目魚肌(Soleus, SOL)等四條肌電訊號，透過藍牙無線傳輸，實現即時觀察肌電波型，成為可用於評估下肢肌肉施力狀況之裝置。 本系統由類比下肢肌電量測電路、ESP-32 Node MCU-32S開發板、使用者介面所組成。硬體電路設計中，透過多工器與解多工器之技術，來達到減少體積與功耗之功能。於韌體部分，使用ESP-32開發板之類比數位轉換器、藍牙模組，將下肢肌電訊號數位化，並傳送至電腦使用者介面中，呈現出肌電訊號之波型。 本系統為了達到穿戴式之需求，設計低功率消耗與小型化之電路，可以方便且輕巧的配戴於腿部，可於運動或復健時，即時記錄多通道下肢肌電訊號。期許本系統未來完成整合後，能將裝置應用於物聯網中，方便給予醫護人員或一般運動員進行使用，對人們的自我健康有更大的助益。

With the advance in medical technology and attach importance to health care, people's health awareness has obtained more and more attention in recent year. Both the elderly and young adults hope to improve their health and postpone senility. A healthy body needs to be achieved by improving habits in daily life and long-term training on muscle strength. However, the quality of human physical activity is closely related to muscle endurance, especially the muscles of the lower body. Therefore, in this thesis a wearable multi-channel wireless recording system for lower limb EMG signals duringwalking and running were developed. The EMG signals of vastus lateralis (VL), tibialis anterior (TA), gastrocnemius lateralis (LG), and soleus (SOL). Four EMG signals are transmitted wirelessly through Bluetooth and can be used to evaluate the force status of lower limb muscles.This system consists of a measurement circuit, an ESP-32 Node MCU-32Sdevelopment board, and a user interface. In the hardware circuit, size reduction and low power consumption is achieved through the technology of multiplexer and demultiplexer. Then, the Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC) and the Bluetooth module of the ESP-32 development board was used to digitize the EMG signals and send them to the computer, and finally the user interface shows the waveform of the EMGs.In order to achieve the wearable requirements, this system is designed with low power consumption and miniaturized to be able to be lightly worn on the legs, and can record multi-channel EMGs in real time during exercise or rehabilitation. It is hoped that after the implementation of this system in the near future, the device can be applied to the Internet of Things (IOT), which is convenient for medical staff or general athletes to use and will be of greater benefit to people's self-health.