鳳梨苗修剪機自動計數及警報系統之研製

Abstract

鳳梨是台灣很重要的經濟作物，近年來成為水果出口的最大宗。但近年來農業從業人口越來越少，鳳梨的產量越來越多導致缺工日益嚴重。而種植鳳梨最耗費時間的為採收與修剪鳳梨苗。在修剪鳳梨苗的部分已經有其專門修剪的機構，在修剪過程中刀具的快速運轉有一定的危險性，修剪完後需要將鳳梨苗打包儲存。為了能夠讓修剪流程更加順利及安全，本文將應用人機介面與可程式邏輯控制器，提升作業安全與效率。

本文透過人機介面與可程式邏輯控制器作為架構，再分別使用其提供軟體GX Works2和EU-editor設計出符合此流水線的一套系統。搭配感測器設計一具備計算鳳梨苗、警報提醒以及數值規零之功能。本文共測試了四種感測器分別為紅外線感測器、振動感測器、壓力感測器以及超音波感測器，比較這四種感測器在計數方面何者有最佳的準確度。在這四個感測器當中以紅外線感測器的準確度最高為最適合此系統讓整個作業流程減少人力也更加安全。

Pineapple is a very important economic crop in Taiwan and has become the largest fruit export in recent years. However, in recent years, the number of agricultural employees has decreased, and the output of pineapples has increased, resulting in a growing shortage of workers. The most time-consuming part of planting pineapple is harvesting and pruning pineapple seedlings. There is already a special pruning mechanism for the pruning of pineapple seedlings. During the pruning process, the rapid operation of the cutter is dangerous. After pruning, the pineapple seedlings need to be packaged and stored. In order to make the pruning process smoother and safer, this article will apply a man-machine interface and a programmable logic controller to improve operation safety and efficiency.

This article uses the man-machine interface and the programmable logic controller as the framework, and then uses the provided software GX Works2 and EU-editor to design a system that conforms to this pipeline. With the sensor design, it has the functions of counting pineapple seedlings, alarm reminder and zero value. In this article, four sensors were tested, which are infrared sensor, vibration sensor, pressure sensor and ultrasonic sensor. Compared with these four sensors, which has the best accuracy in counting will be chosen. Among the four sensors, the infrared sensor has the highest accuracy and is the most suitable for this system, making the entire operation process less manpower and safer.