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  1. NTU Theses and Dissertations Repository
  2. 管理學院
  3. 管理學院企業管理專班(Global MBA)
請用此 Handle URI 來引用此文件: http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/86015
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dc.contributor.advisorLeon van Jaarsveldt(Leon van Jaarsveldt)
dc.contributor.authorMisako Yanoen
dc.contributor.author矢野美砂子zh_TW
dc.date.accessioned2023-03-19T23:32:57Z-
dc.date.copyright2022-09-26
dc.date.issued2022
dc.date.submitted2022-09-19
dc.identifier.citationCatalyst. (2007). The Bottom Line: Corporate Performance And Women’s Representation On Boards. Catalyst. Retrieved from https://www.catalyst.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/The_Bottom_Line_Corporate_Performance_and_Womens_Representation_on_Boards.pdf Chanlett-Avery, E., & Nelson, R.M. (2014). “Womenomics” in Japan: In brief. Congressional Research Service. Retrieved from https://sgp.fas.org/crs/row/R43668.pdf Colacelli, M., & Corugedo, E.F. (2018). Macroeconomic Effects of Japan’s Demographics: Can Structural Reforms Reverse Them? IMF Working Papers. International Monetary Fund Credit Suisse. (2014). Companies with higher female participation at Board level or in top management exhibit higher returns, higher valuations and higher payout ratios, according to a report by Credit Suisse Research Institute. London, U.K.: Credit Suisse. Retrieved from https://www.credit-suisse.com/about-us-news/en/articles/media-releases/42376-201409.html Desvaux, G., Devillard-Hoellinger, S., & Baumgarten, P. (2007). Women Matter Gender diversity, a corporate performance driver. McKinsey & Company, Inc. Devillard, S., Hunt, V., & Yee, L. (2018). Still looking for room at the top: Ten years of research on women in the workplace. McKinsey Quarterly. McKinsey & Company. The Economist, (2022), The Economist’s glass-ceiling index, The Economist, Retrieved from https://www.economist.com/graphic-detail/glass-ceiling-index Estevez-Abe, M. (2011), An International Comparison of Gender Equality: Why Is the Japanese Gender Gap So Persistent? Turin, Italy, Syracuse University and Collegio Carlo Alberto. Retrieved from https://www.jil.go.jp/english/JLR/documents/2013/JLR38_estevez-abe.pdf Fujimura-Fanselow, K. (2011). Transforming Japan how feminism and diversity are making a difference. New York: The Feminist Press at the City University of New York. Gender Equality Bureau Cabinet Office. (2020a). White Paper on Gender Equality 2020 Summary. Retrieved from https://www.gender.go.jp/english_contents/about_danjo/whitepaper/pdf/ewp2020.pdf Gender Equality Bureau Cabinet Office. (2020b). Women and Men in Japan 2020. Retrieved from https://www.gender.go.jp/english_contents/pr_act/pub/pamphlet/women-and-men20/index.html Goldman Sachs. (2022). Corporate Board Engagement. Retrieved from https://www.goldmansachs.com/our-commitments/diversity-and-inclusion/board-diversity/2022-update/index.html Hair Jr., J. F., Money, A. H., Samouel, P., & Page, M. (2015). The Essentials of Business Research Methods. New York: Routledge International Labour Office. (2015). Women on Boards. International Labour Office. Retrieved from https://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/---dgreports/---gender/documents/briefingnote/wcms_410200.pdf Ismail, N. (2017). Men vs women: CEOs in the Fortune 1000. Information Age. Retrieved from https://www.information-age.com/men-women-ceos-fortune-1000-123465514/ Keh, HT, & Xie, Yi. (2009). Corporate reputation and customer behavioral intentions: The roles of trust, identification and commitment. Industrial Marketing Management. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2008.02.005 Kessler-Harris, A. (2018). Women Have Always Worked: A Concise History. Urbana: University of Illinois Press. Kyodo. (2022). Japan to require listed firms to disclose female manager ratio. The Japan Times. Retrieved from https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2022/05/01/business/corporate-business/female-managers/ Matsui, K. (2007). Womenomics: Japan’s Hidden Asset. Japan Spotlight. Retrieved from https://www.jef.or.jp/journal/pdf/156cover04.pdf McKinsey & Company. (2020). Diversity wins: How inclusion matters. May 19, 2020 Report. McKinsey & Company. Retrieved from https://www.mckinsey.com/~/media/mckinsey/featured%20insights/diversity%20and%20inclusion/diversity%20wins%20how%20inclusion%20matters/diversity-wins-how-inclusion-matters-vf.pdf McKinsey & Company. (2021). Women in the Workplace 2021. LEAN IN. McKinsey & Company. Retrieved from https://www2.mvcc.edu/shn/pdf/presentations/2021-11/women-in-the-workplace-2021.pdf MSCI ESG Research. (2018). Women on Board: Diversity Begets Diversity. Gender Diversity in Japan: Progress Report 2018. MSCI ESG Research LLC. Retrieved from https://www.msci.com/documents/10199/87f1239f-e64f-1c48-e767-7c7dae01778e Mun, E., & Jung, J. (2018). Change above the Glass Ceiling: Corporate Social Responsibility and Gender Diversity in Japanese Firms. Administrative Science Quarterly, 63(2). https://doi.org/10.1177/0001839217712920 Nakamura, Y.T. et al., (Eds.). (2021). Japanese Women in Leadership. Current Perspectives on Asian Women in Leadership. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-36304-8_2 Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. (2021). Employment: Female share of seats on boards of the largest publicly listed companies. OECD. Stat. Retrieved from https://stats.oecd.org/index.aspx?queryid=54753 Parker, C. (2022). Japan records its largest natural population decline as births fall. The Washington Post. Retrieved from https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2022/06/03/japan-low-births-population-decline-2021/ Parkinson, L. (1989) Japan’s Equal Employment Opportunity Law: An Alternative Approach to Social Change. Columbia Law Review, 89 (3), 604-661. https://doi.org/10.2307/1122868 Statista. (2022). Number of children waiting to be accepted to day care centers in Japan from 2012 to 2021. Retrieved from https://www.statista.com/statistics/1234693/japan-number-children-waiting-lists-nursery-centers/ Statistics Bureau of Japan. (2002). Summary of results of the 2001 Survey on Time Use and Leisure Activities. Retrieved from https://www.stat.go.jp/english/data/shakai/2001/jikan/yoyakuj.html Statistics Bureau of Japan. (2021). Statistical Handbook of Japan 2021. Statistics Bureau of Japan. Retrieved from https://www.stat.go.jp/english/data/handbook/c0117.html#c16 Sugihara, Y., & Katsurada, E. (2002). Gender Role Development in Japanese Culture: Diminishing Gender Role Differences in a Contemporary Society. Sex Roles, 47 (9/10). https:// doi.org/10.1023/a:1021648426787 Takeishi, E. (2017). 女性の活躍推進と初期キャリアの重要性 [Promoting women’s empowerment and the importance of women’s early career]. NWEC Practice Research. Retrieved from https://ci.nii.ac.jp/naid/120006000044/. Tan, R. (2018). A medical school in Japan didn’t want too many women. So it lowered their grades. The Washington Post. Retrieved from https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/worldviews/wp/2018/08/02/a-medical-school-in-japan-didnt-want-too-many-women-so-it-lowered-their-grades/ The Tokyo Shimbun. (2022). Tokyo Metro Government Announces New Nickname for Childcare Leave, Hopes to Change Atmosphere. The Tokyo Shimbun Web. Retrieved from https://www.tokyo-np.co.jp/article/186868?rct=covid19_in_english Tsugawa, Y., Jena, A.B., & Figueroa, J.F. (2017). Comparison of Hospital Mortality and Readmission Rates for Medicare Patients Treated by Male vs Female Physicians. JAMA Internal Medicine. Retrieved from https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamainternalmedicine/fullarticle/2593255 United Nations. (2021). Goal 5 Achieve gender equality and empower all women and girls. United Nations Department of Economics and Social Affairs. Retrieved from https://sdgs.un.org/goals/goal5 UN Women. (2018). Facts and Figures: Economic Empowerment. UN Women. Retrieved from https://www.unwomen.org/en/what-we-do/economic-empowerment/facts-and-figures World Economic Forum. (2021). Global Gender Gap Report 2021. World Economic Forum. Yellen, J. (2020). The history of women’s work and wages and how it has created success for us all. Brookings Institution. Retrieved from https://www.brookings.edu/essay/the-history-of-womens-work-and-wages-and-how-it-has-created-success-for-us-all/
dc.identifier.urihttp://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/86015-
dc.description.abstractCompanies with women on board deliver higher average returns on equity, lower net debt-to-equity, and better average growth (Catalyst, 2007). Women are keen on social responsibility, customer satisfaction, and corporate governance (International Labour Office, 2015). Socially conscious investors worldwide interested in ESG investment will invest in companies with women on board. Despite much evidence, women are still underrepresented in the workforce worldwide. It is remarkably seen in Japan. Japan lists 120th in the Global Gender Gap Report (World Economic Forum, 2021). In 2017, among MSCI Japan Investable Market Index top 500 constituents, only 5 companies had over 30% of women on boards, and 287 companies had no female board directors (MSCI ESG Research, 2018). It shows that Japan’s gender gap in business is significant. This study aims to reveal the key issues Japanese female employees face in different industries. The research interviewed ten Japanese female leaders working in Japan, asking about their experiences. Qualitative data analysis was attempted to understand what the interviewees experienced, how they felt, and what is needed to change the situation. The finding indicated that the critical factor hindering women’s advancement is people’s unconscious biases for many years. Changing the deep-rooted common sense and habits in society is not easy. However, some measures that can be taken were revealed. These measures found in the research should provide knowledge for the future study of organizational diversity.en
dc.description.provenanceMade available in DSpace on 2023-03-19T23:32:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
U0001-1709202215335400.pdf: 1290356 bytes, checksum: 1f54cfee4c7a46a4eaa4adf22d8ab962 (MD5)
Previous issue date: 2022
en
dc.description.tableofcontentsAcknowledgement i Abstract ii Table of Contents iii List of Tables v 1. Introduction 1 1.1 Background 1 1.2 Research Aim and Objectives 1 1.3 The Structure of the Study 2 2. Literature Review 3 2.1 Growing Importance of Female Leaders in Business 3 2.2 Women in the Past 4 2.3 Japanese Cultural Environment for Female Employees 5 2.4 Issues Faced by Female Leaders in Japan 7 2.4.1 Hiring System That Creates Inequality 8 2.4.2 No Training, No Role Model 9 2.4.3 Social and Company Culture Makes It Hard for Women 10 3. Methodology 12 3.1 Research Strategy 12 3.2 Data Collection Method 12 3.3 Interview Participants 13 3.4 Interview Procedure 14 3.5 Data Analysis 15 4. Results 16 4.1 Issues Japanese Female Employees Face in Different Industries 16 4.2 In-depth Analysis 17 4.2.1 The Glass Ceiling 17 4.2.2 Training and Work Experience 18 4.2.3 Mentor and Network 18 4.2.4 Inequality During Student Years 19 4.2.5 Inequality During Job Searching 19 4.2.6 Japanese Men and Household Chores 20 5. Discussion 21 5.1 Discussion of the Findings 21 5.1.1 Distinctly Different Experience for Professional Services Industry 21 5.1.2 Traditional Values Causing the Glass Ceiling 21 5.1.3 Diversity and Inclusion Training 22 5.1.4 Mentor and Role Models 23 5.1.5 Career Development and Hiring 23 5.1.6 Male Employees 25 5.1.7 Maternity Leaves 26 5.1.8 Transition Period 27 5.2 Limitations and Recommendations for Future Research 28 6. Conclusion 30 References 31 Appendix A: 36 Interview Information Sheet 36 Appendix B: 38 Interviews (Translated from Japanese to English) 38
dc.language.isoen
dc.title日本女性員工於不同行業別所面臨之困境-探索性研究zh_TW
dc.titleProblems Faced by Japanese Female Employees in the Different Industries: An Exploratory Studyen
dc.typeThesis
dc.date.schoolyear110-2
dc.description.degree碩士
dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee許文馨(Wen-Hsin Hsu),謝昇峯(Sheng-Feng Hsieh)
dc.subject.keyword女性領袖,多樣性,性別不平等,日本,育兒假,zh_TW
dc.subject.keywordFemale Leaders,Diversity,Gender Inequality,Japan,Childcare Leave,en
dc.relation.page86
dc.identifier.doi10.6342/NTU202203509
dc.rights.note同意授權(全球公開)
dc.date.accepted2022-09-19
dc.contributor.author-college管理學院zh_TW
dc.contributor.author-dept企業管理碩士專班zh_TW
dc.date.embargo-lift2022-09-26-
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