以環球晶與信越探討矽晶圓供應商的碳排策略

Abstract

近年來全球氣候變遷引發極端天氣事件，導致人類死傷無數，也蒙受巨大經濟損失。即使國際上的減碳協議持續不斷，但是全球碳排量不減反增，由此可知全球需要更有效與更有影響力的減碳策略來解決氣候變遷問題，並兼顧環境、經濟與社會的各項發展。隨著半導體製程與科技進步，產品規格不斷微縮，使得生產設備所需能源量預計將大幅上升。因此，半導體產業不僅要擁有創新思維，投入新技術研發更高效能的產品，更必須協同整體半導體供應鏈全面參與減碳計畫，全球才能邁向淨零排放的目標。 本研究欲探討半導體上游的矽晶圓製造廠環球晶與信越的減碳行動，探討其內部資源如何部署於減碳活動，並進行外部環境分析如何與企業相互影響，達到永續經營目的。研究結果顯示，環球晶因台灣社會及法規較國際緩慢，產業地位又稍落於信越，因而致力於訂定明確減碳與再生能源目標，並由內組織參與落實碳排目標，再向外改善產業鏈，其減碳策略為全方位增強者。相對而言，信越集團因日本社會及法規都為國際領導者，因而運用自身產業優勢跟隨日本社會進程，在第三代半導體的新市場和其他產業發展皆為龍頭，在其他減碳活動上的得分也相對高，仍投入大量資源在優化現有業務或改善現有製程，屬於由外而內推進減碳行動，其減碳策略為全方位探索者。 本研究分析全球環境、台日社會與法規對矽晶圓產業產生的碳排壓力，並分析矽晶圓產業的壓力來源，最後探討環球晶與信越內部資源部署，提供未來相關產業評估碳排計劃之參考。由於個案的碳排計劃，短期無法明確呈現對企業的營運與財務的影響，未來研究方向可納入碳排成本與財務分析，比較不同減碳策略對企業的營運影響及減碳有效性與達成率。

In recent years, global climate change has triggered extreme weather, resulting in countless casualties and huge economic losses. Even though the international carbon reduction agreement continues, the global carbon emissions is still increasing. For that reason, we need more effective and influential strategies to solve the problem of climate change, and consider the various environmental, economic and social issues. With the advancement of semiconductor process and technology, product specifications continue to shrink, and the energy consumption for equipment is expected to increase significantly. Therefore, the semiconductor industry must not only have innovative thinking and invest in new technologies to develop higher-efficiency products, but also must cooperate with the entire semiconductor supply chain to fully participate in the carbon reduction activity, so that we can move towards the goal of net zero emissions. This thesis focuses on the carbon reduction actions of Globalwafers and Shin-Etsu, the upstream silicon wafer companies, to explore how their internal resources are deployed, and how the external environment interacts with the companies to achieve sustainability. The research findings show that Globalwafers’s strategy is an all‐round enhancer. Because Taiwan’s regulations are slower than international ones, and its industrial status is lower than Shin-Etsu, Globalwafers is committed to setting carbon reduction and renewable energy goals, and enhance internal organizations participation, and then focus on supply chain. Relatively speaking, Shin-Etsu is an all‐round explorer. As Japan is an international leader in carbon reduction actions, Shin-Etsu tries to follow this progress. Shin-Etsu is a leader in the third-generation semiconductors market and other industries, and their score is relatively high in other carbon reduction actions, and a lot of resources are still invested in optimizing the existing business or improving the existing process, which belongs to outside-in strategy. This thesis analyzes the carbon emission pressure on the silicon wafer industry caused by the global environment, Taiwan and Japan society and regulations. And then, it discusses the internal resource deployment of Globalwafers and Shin-Etsu. Finally, it provides suggestions for the relevant industrial companies to evaluate carbon emission activities in the future. Due to the time limit, it is impossible to clearly show the immediate impact of the companies' carbon strategies on their respective operational and financial performance. Future research could further explore the relevant cost and financial impact of different carbon strategies, and also compare the effectiveness of different carbon strategies in reaching carbon reduction goals.