基於運動輔助與認知訓練遊戲之面向輕度認知功能障礙長者的互動系統

Abstract

異常的認知功能退化，如失智症，是常見的發生於老年人的病症之一，近年來社會對其的研究與關注日益提升。而本論文針對輕度的認知功能障礙長者，開發了一個基於運動輔助與認知訓練遊戲的互動系統，旨在維持長者的認知能力。為實現輔助運動之功能，論文提出了四個核心模組，分別為：基於雙六軸機械手臂軌跡規劃的示範模組、基於3D人體姿態估計、模糊邏輯與最長公共子序列的姿態評分模組、基於多種卷積神經網路模型的專注度估測模組與增強人機互動性的回饋模組。以上四個模組整合於一台有雙六軸機械手臂的移動型機器人平台上，用於輔助使用者進行運動。另外，論文基於嚴肅遊戲的概念，結合擴增實境技術，在移動裝置上開發了一款無標記輔助的基於擴增實境的認知訓練遊戲，以用於長者的認知功能訓練。 為驗證系統的可行性與有效性，研究亦招募了十八位年齡在六十五歲以上的長者進行了一個為期八週的實驗。長者在實驗中需利用論文中提出的互動系統完成一系列的運動與認知訓練遊戲，完成蒙特利爾認知評估-台灣版(MoCA-T)的評估，及關於系統易用性及可接受度的問卷填寫。最終利用相關的統計學方法對實驗結果進行分析與討論。

Abnormal cognitive degeneration, such as dementia, is a common syndrome in older adults, which has also become a significant issue in aged society. Thus, an interaction system based on exercise assistance and cognitive training game is proposed for older adults with mild cognitive impairment to maintain their cognitive function. To accomplish exercise assistance, four significant modules are proposed in the thesis: A demonstration module based on trajectory planning of dual 6-DoF arms, a posture grading module based on 3D human pose estimation, fuzzy logic, and longest common subsequence, an engagement assessment module based on multiple CNN-based learning models, and a feedback module for enhancing the interactivity of the system. Four modules are integrated into a mobile robot with dual 6-DoF arms, which is utilized as an exercise coach. Besides, a markerless augmented-reality cognitive training game is developed on mobile devices for training the cognitive function of older adults. To verify the feasibility and efficacy of the system, eighteen older adults aging beyond sixty-five years old were recruited to an experiment lasting for eight weeks. In the experiment, the participants were required to accomplish an exercise program and cognitive training game with the assistance of the robot. Montreal Cognitive Assessment-Taiwanese (MoCA-T) was utilized as a cognitive testing tool for the participants. Also, some questionnaires are designed to be finished for assessment of system usability and acceptability. At the end of the thesis, the results of the experiment were analyzed by statistical methods and discussed.