以壓電吞嚥感測貼布擷取人體吞嚥行為之演算法開發與實驗驗證

Abstract

本論文目標為使用壓電吞嚥感測貼布監測人體吞嚥行為之演算法開發，量測舌骨上緣及其上方1公分、甲狀軟骨上緣及其上緣上方1公分等四個位置的吞嚥訊號，並以量測不同年齡層的男性及女性的吞嚥行為來開發演算法。本研究建立一套資料擷取系統，可同時收集這四組訊號，分析甲狀軟骨、舌骨及兩者之間的作動關係，做為吞嚥參數，並由各年齡層的吞嚥分布趨勢計算差異倍數。實驗結果顯示男性年長與青壯年參數具有差異倍數的有甲狀軟骨的總行程時間及比例、上升及下降時間、下降速度、上升及下降速度比、甲狀軟骨及舌骨的速度比及起動時間差，而女性年長與青壯年參數具有差異倍數的參數較少，有甲狀軟骨及舌骨的總行程時間、起動時間差以及連續吞嚥次數，共同具有差異的參數有甲狀軟骨的總行程時間及甲狀軟骨及舌骨的起動時間差。本研究並分析吞嚥次數的相關性，男性受試者的相關係數R為0.9073，女性受試者的相關性係數R為0.8142，皆具有高度相關性。本論文並使用超音波影像分析舌骨及甲狀軟骨的運動行為，用以驗證壓電吞嚥感測貼布訊號的可靠度，其中舌骨的起始時間之相關係數R為0.522，甲狀軟骨的起始時間之相關係數R為0.706，舌骨的回復時間之相關係數R為0.797，甲狀軟骨的回復時間之相關係數R為0.983，舌骨的總行程時間之相關係數R為0.771，甲狀軟骨的總行程時間之相關係數R為0.759，舌骨與甲狀軟骨的起始時間差之相關係數R為0.904，此研究成功驗證吞嚥感測貼布所量測到的訊號可代表舌骨及甲狀軟骨進行吞嚥運動時所產生的喉部皮膚表面形變訊號。總結，本研究以實際實驗驗證壓電吞嚥感測貼布可以建立人體吞嚥行為參數，並將可作為即時吞嚥監測之個人化裝置。

The aim of this thesis is to develop an algorithm to use a piezoelectric swallowing patch sensor (SPS) to monitor the swallowing process. Four SPSs are used for this study, and they are placed at the upper border of the hyoid bone, 1 cm above the upper border of the hyoid bone, the upper border of the thyroid cartilage, and 1cm above the upper border of the thyroid cartilage. Swallowing patterns of different ages of male and female subjects are measured and compared using a data acquisition system, which can simultaneously collect these four sets of signals in real-time. Experimental findings show that there is a significant difference between senior and young subjects, including the total traveling time of thyroid, the ratio of thyroid rising and falling time and speed, and the difference in their activating time. For female subjects, fewer differences were found, only the total traveling time of thyroid, the difference of activating time between thyroid and hyoid bone, and the continuous swallowing number. It was found that the total traveling time of the thyroid cartilage, and the difference in activating time between thyroid cartilage and hyoid bone also have significant differences for both male and female. The correlation analysis of the number of swallowing times per 20 seconds also is carried out.The correlation coefficient of male subjects is 0.9073, and the correlation coefficient of female subjects is 0.8142. Both of these data show a high correlation. In this study, the ultrasonic imaging method is also used to analyze the motion behavior of the hyoid bone and the thyroid cartilage for verifying the reliability of the piezoelectric swallowing patch sensor. The correlation coefficient of the activating time of the hyoid bone and thyroid cartilage are 0.522 and 0.706. The correlation coefficient of the recovery time of the hyoid bone and the thyroid cartilage are 0.797 and 0.983. The correlation coefficient of the traveling time of the hyoid bone and the thyroid cartilage are 0.771 and 0.759. The correlation coefficient of the activating time difference of the hyoid and the thyroid cartilage is 0.904. In summary, this study successfully verifies the performance and reliability of the SPS using the ultrasound imaging method. Quantification methods and parameters are developed. The SPS can potentially be applied for personalized swallowing sensors.