光質和養液配方影響植物工廠內水耕羽衣甘藍之栽培

Abstract

本研究旨在探討不同光質和養液配方栽培羽衣甘藍 (Brassica oleracea var. sabellica L., kale) 之影響，以電力產能和光子產能做為參數評估各個處理組的生產效率，同時以維生素C和鈣含量之電力產能和光子產能評估其機能性。主要針對鳳仙羽衣甘藍找出適合之光質條件和養液中之元素比例建立栽培模式，以栽培高產量、高機能性之羽衣甘藍提高其在市場上的價值。 在相同光質條件下，Hoagland養液配方有助於提升植株之生產效能，修正Hoagland養液配方則減少，分別為山崎養液配方之131.7 % 和78.3 % 。比起山崎養液配方，Hoagland養液配方會提高鳳仙羽衣甘藍之維生素C含量，而修正Hoagland養液配方則會降低，分別為山崎養液之 119.2% 和 48.6%。Hoagland 養液和修正 Hoagland 養液均會降低鳳仙羽衣甘藍之鈣含量，分別只有山崎養液之82.2% 和 54.6%。 在相同栽培環境條件下（溫度 25oC、養液EC 1.85 mS cm-1，pH 6、為期兩天之全暗浸種期和35天之栽培週期），針對鳳仙羽衣甘藍之產量和生產效能為衡量指標，本研究推薦使用CW (B32G45R23) + Hoagland養液，依此栽培模式可以收獲之全年產能為107.7 kg m-2 year-1。以高維生素C含量之機能性作為衡量指標，推薦使用CW (B32G45R23) + Hoagland 養液可收獲16.1 g m-2之單位面積維生素 C 含量。以高鈣含量之機能性作為衡量指標，而推薦使用 CW (B32G45R23) +山崎養液可以收穫14.3 g m-2之單位面積鈣含量。 本研究建立鳳仙羽衣甘藍之栽培模式以提高其生產效能、維生素C和鈣含量，提高其附加價值以增加其在市場上之競爭力，同時為羽衣甘藍機能性和其他雲薹屬蔬菜之研究上提供參考價值。

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of different light quality and nutrient solution formula on cultivation of kale (Brassica oleracea var. sabellica L.), using electrical yield and photon yield as a parameter to evaluate the production efficiency between each treatment group, also increase the vitamin C and calcium content in kale. The aim of this study to establish cultivation models to “Feng Xian” kale by finding out the suitable light quality condition and element ratio in the nutrient solution, in order to cultivate high-yield and high-functionality kale to increase its competitiveness in the market. Compared with the Yamazaki solution under same light quality condition, Hoagland solution can increase the fresh weight of the plant, however modified Hoagland nutrient decreased, which were 131.7 % and 78.3 % of the Yamazaki nutrient solution, respectively. Compared with the Yamazaki solution, Hoagland solution increase the vitamin C content of “Feng Xian” kale by 19.2% while modified Hoagland solution reduced by 51.4 %. Both Hoagland solution and modified Hoagland solution reduce the calcium content by 17.8 % and 45.4 % of the Yamazaki solution respectively. Comparing the production yield and production efficiency of “Feng Xian ” kale under same cultivation condition (temperature 25oC, nutrient solution EC 1.85 mS cm-1, pH 6, two-day total of dark pretreatment and 35 days of cultivation period), this study recommends the used of CW (B32G45R23)+ Hoagland nutrient solution formula, and the annual production capacity that can be harvested according to this cultivation mode is 107.7 kg m-2 year-1. Comparing the ascorbic acid’s functionality of kale, CW (B32G45R23) + Hoagland nutrient solution group is recommended,which can harvest 16.1 g m-2 of vitamin C content per unit area. Comparing the calcium’s functionality of kale, it is recommended to use the CW (B32G45R23) + Yamazaki nutrient solution to harvest 14.3 g m-2 of calcium content per unit area. This study establishes the cultivation models of kale to improve its production efficiency, ascorbic acid and calcium content, and also enhances its added value in order to increase its competitiveness in the market, and provides reference value for the research on the function of kale and other Brassica genus vegetables.