「十九大」以後中共對台青年政策之研究

Abstract

2014年三一八學運打破中共對台政策的想像，惠台政策的實施不能達到多數台灣民眾對中國大陸的認同，甚至引起青年的抗爭，中共乃逐漸重視台灣青年。2017年10月中共「十九大」報告表示中共將逐步爲在中國大陸的台灣人民於學習、創業、就業、生活等方面落實同等的待遇，推動「台青融合」措施。並於2018年2月公布「對台三十一項措施」，融合青年政策與中國大陸居民待遇，強化台灣青年在陸落地生根。 中共「十九大」以後，對台青年政策走向「只去大陸不回台灣」，以增進台灣青年對中國大陸的認同，而兩岸長期分治下，台灣與中國大陸的生活型態、背景環境等漸行漸遠，兩岸民族感情漸減，為了解「十九大」以來中共對台青年政策的目標、內涵、作為及效果，本文依經驗與資料的歸納法整理相關文獻與論述，並以政治社會化理論、族群接觸理論、社會認同理論為基礎，藉由訪談台灣青年，探討中共「十九大」以後的對台青年政策對於台灣青年對中國大陸的印象、國家認同的變化及赴陸發展意願的影響。

In 2014, '318 Movement' broke the CCP’s imagination of its policies for Taiwan. The implementation of the preferential policies for Taiwan could not achieve the recognition of the majority of Taiwanese with mainland China, and even caused youth protests. The CCP is gradually attaching importance to Taiwan’s youth. The report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China in October 2017 stated that the Chinese Communist Party will gradually implement equal treatment for Taiwanese people in mainland China in terms of study, entrepreneurship, employment and life, and promote the 'Taiwan’s Youth Integration' measures. In February 2018, it announced the '31 Measures for Taiwan', integrating youth policies with the treatment of mainland Chinese residents, and strengthening Taiwan's youth to take root in land. After the '19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China', the policy toward Taiwan’s youth has moved toward 'going only to the mainland and not returning to Taiwan' in order to increase the recognition of Taiwan’s youth with mainland China. Under the long-term separation of the two sides of the strait, the lifestyle and background environment of Taiwan and mainland China. In order to understand the goals, connotations, actions and effects of the CCP’s youth policy towards Taiwan since the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, this article summarizes relevant documents and expositions based on experience and data, and uses political socialization theory, ethnic contact theory, and social identity theory, through interviews with young people in Taiwan, discussing the influence of the youth policy towards Taiwan after the CCP’s '19th National Congress' towards Taiwan’s youth’s impression of mainland China, changes in national identity, and their developments in mainland China.