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標題: | 混合型物質流分析量化多空間尺度都市礦 A Hybrid Material Flow Analysis for Quantifying Multilevel Urban Ore |
作者: | Kuang-Ly Cheng 鄭光利 |
指導教授: | 馬鴻文(Hwong-wen Ma) |
關鍵字: | 混合型物質流分析,多空間尺度,熱區分析,都市礦,循環經濟, hybrid material flow analysis,multilevel,hot spot analysis,urban ore,circular economy, |
出版年 : | 2020 |
學位: | 博士 |
摘要: | 本研究建立一個混合型物質流分析(hybrid material flow analysis, HMFA)方法,以評估微尺度至大尺度的毛存貨增加量(gross additions to stocks, GAS)。HMFA運用產業關聯表中固定資本形成和總供給計算存量比例,以評估大尺度之總GAS。之後根據量體特性將總GAS分配至單一量體,得到微尺度的GAS。HMFA將物質存量由總體物質流系統中的平衡指標轉變為具有實際存量意義的都市礦指標。為驗證HMFA的有效性,本研究分別應用由上而下和由下而上物質流分析評估臺北市和德國的建材GAS,並和HMFA的結果比較。HMFA的毛存貨增加量可視為較由上而下方法保守的上限。而由下而上方法通常會因為無法取得實地物質強度資料,或是物質強度資料分類不夠明確造成GAS低估。HMFA克服由上而下方法無法評估微尺度GAS的限制,和解決由下而上方法高數據依賴的問題,提供一個有效率且合理的評估方法。研究結果顯示臺灣2001年、2004年、2006年和2011年四年平均建材GAS為87 Mton。四年縣市平均建材GAS最高者為桃園市13 Mton,占臺灣平均建材GAS 15%。臺灣北部目前累積眾多建材存量尚未釋出,建議可以桃園市為中心建立建材循環圈。另一方面為發掘場址尺度的都市礦熱區,本研究收集臺北市1965年至2014年的建築統計和GIS資料,評估累積物質存量。並引用熱區分析發掘大安區和中山區的老建築聚集群,分別為Zone I和Zone II。研究結果顯示至2014年臺北市已累積183 Mton的建材存量。Zone I和Zone II兩者累積建材存量分別為181和119 kton,面積分別為0.1 和0.6 km2。Zone I物質存量密度較Zone II高,具較高的開採效益,不過兩者都市礦組成存在差異,可視物質需求選擇開發場址。本研究量化高空間解析度的都市礦資訊,有助於物質循環規劃與管理,包括資源供需分析、回收路徑和廠址選擇等。未來研究可考量運用HMFA和量體生存曲線,建立多空間尺度動態物質供需模型,再配合市場價值進行可行性評估,嘗試對於都市礦循環規劃提出建議。 This study develops a hybrid material flow analysis (HMFA) method to evaluate the gross additions to stock (GAS) at both micro- and macro-level through analyzing the fixed capital formation and total supply in input-output tables. HMFA turns GAS from a balance indicator in the top-down approach to an indicator with meaningful value in terms of urban ore evaluation. To verify the validity of HMFA, this study compares the developed HMFA with a top-down approach and a bottom-up approach through assessing the GAS of Taiwan and Germany. The quantity of GAS estimated by HMFA is considered as a more conservative upper bound than that by the top-down approach, while underestimation often occurs with a bottom-up approach. HMFA has been proven as an efficient and rational evaluation method which overcomes a key limitation in assessing micro-level GAS by a top-down approach, and solves the data demanding problem of the bottom-up approach for quantifying material stock. This study adopted HMFA to estimate the building GAS in Taiwan from the macro to individual levels in the year 2001, 2004, 2006, and 2011. The average amount of GAS in the above years was 87 Mton, with concrete accounting for 91%. Taoyuan has the highest average amount of GAS among other counties, reaching 13 Mton, and accounting for 15%. Northern Taiwan with abundant material stock could form a building material circle and be centralized in Tasoyuan. On the other hand, to evaluate the existence of old building clusters at site-level. This study estimates the amount of material stock in Taipei City between 1965 and 2014 by analyzing data of the buildings through statistics and geographical information systems. Hot spot analysis is introduced to assess the location of resources. Our results show that up to the year 2014, 183 Mton of construction materials were accumulated in Taipei. The hot spots with development potential are Da’an (Zone I) and Zhongshan (Zone II) Districts in Taipei City. Zone I (0.1 km2) stored 180 kton of materials; while Zone II (0.6 km2) stored 119 kton of materials. The extraction efficiency of Zone I was found to be higher than that for Zone II because of Zone I’s higher material stock density. But, since the composition of the material is different in the two zones, the desired types of resources should also be considered in the evaluation. This study provides quantitative data on urban ore with high spatial resolution for enhancing material recycling planning and management, such as material supply and demand analysis, material recycling path planning, and site selection. HMFA could then combine with survival curve of objects to build a dynamic material supply and demand model in multilevel, and assessing the feasibility of exploitation with market value in the future to support urban mining planning. |
URI: | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/8237 |
DOI: | 10.6342/NTU202003134 |
全文授權: | 同意授權(全球公開) |
顯示於系所單位: | 環境工程學研究所 |
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U0001-1208202017203500.pdf | 15.56 MB | Adobe PDF | 檢視/開啟 |
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