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| DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
|---|---|---|
| dc.contributor.advisor | 顏瑞泓(Jui-Hung Yen) | |
| dc.contributor.author | Wan-Chun Liao | en |
| dc.contributor.author | 廖婉淳 | zh_TW |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2022-11-25T03:07:19Z | - |
| dc.date.available | 2023-09-01 | |
| dc.date.copyright | 2021-11-11 | |
| dc.date.issued | 2021 | |
| dc.date.submitted | 2021-08-24 | |
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| dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/81951 | - |
| dc.description.abstract | 農藥對於土壤環境及生物具潛在影響，經施用後進入到土壤中，可能改變土壤物化性質與影響土壤微生物的活性及多樣性，其中土壤微生物參與許多土壤中的反應過程，包含有機質分解及碳與氮的循環，而農藥可能會對土壤微生物及其參與之生化反應過程造成影響。本研究選用三種施用於水田之農藥，包含除草劑施得圃 (Pendimethalin)、丁基拉草 (Butachlor)，以及殺菌劑克枯爛 (Tecloftalam) 進行土壤孵育試驗，探討農藥以不同劑量施用於水田土壤環境中的消散情況，以及農藥對土壤碳及氮轉化作用、土壤微生物的代謝活性與群落結構之影響。本研究以國立臺灣大學農業試驗場水田土壤 (NTU) 及桃園農業改良場水田土壤 (TYD) 為試驗土壤，將土壤預孵育14天後進行農藥添加，以田間推薦用量及五倍推薦用量施用，並於施用後之第1天、第7天、第14天及第28天，分別測定土壤基本性質、土壤碳及氮轉化試驗、農藥殘留分析及微生物代謝活性與多樣性。結果顯示施得圃之施用會降低兩種水田土壤之有機碳含量與微生物的碳呼吸作用，於兩種土壤中殘留量皆隨時間顯著下降，且施用施得圃會改變兩種土壤微生物群落結構；於土壤氮轉化試驗結果，施得圃會促進NTU土壤氮轉化作用，而對於TYD土壤則無顯著影響。施用丁基拉草會降低TYD土壤pH值及EC值，對兩種土壤中微生物的碳呼吸作用有先降後升之情形，對於兩種土壤氮轉化作用則無顯著影響，於兩種土壤中殘留量皆隨時間遞減。丁基拉草以不同濃度施用皆會顯著影響TYD土壤微生物群落結構，而NTU土壤微生物群落結構則於高濃度施用下改變。施用克枯爛會降低兩種土壤EC值，及降低TYD土壤有機碳含量；碳轉化試驗結果，克枯爛會顯著降低TYD土壤微生物呼吸作用；氮轉化結果於施用前期會降低NTU土壤銨態氮含量，而對TYD土壤則會降低土壤硝酸態氮含量；施用不同劑量皆會顯著改變兩種土壤微生物群落結構。綜上所述，本研究結果顯示施得圃、丁基拉草以及克枯爛的施用會對不同性質的土壤發生影響，而對於土壤性質的影響需要依農藥性質分別檢視，而且土壤微生物所參與環境中兩個重要的循環—碳及氮轉化作用，亦隨農藥種類及土壤性質而有差異，故於使用農藥時需考量且準確評估其對環境污染等影響，以達環境友善與農業耕作管理相互平衡之關係。 | zh_TW |
| dc.description.provenance | Made available in DSpace on 2022-11-25T03:07:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 U0001-2408202111404600.pdf: 3091910 bytes, checksum: 487174bce3ed5f5e8e71cf1d41319a72 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2021 | en |
| dc.description.tableofcontents | 中文摘要 I 英文摘要 III 目錄 V 圖目錄 VII 表目錄 X 壹、前言 1 1.1 前人研究 1 1.2 農藥與土壤環境的關係 3 1.3 微生物與土壤碳轉化 6 1.4 微生物與土壤氮轉化 8 1.5 土壤微生物群落多樣性 10 1.6 研究試驗土壤之水田環境與農藥施用 12 1.7 本研究用藥簡介 14 貳、研究目的 21 參、試驗架構 22 肆、材料與方法 23 4.1 試驗土壤與基本性質分析 23 4.2 土壤孵育試驗 27 4.3 土壤碳轉化試驗 31 4.4 土壤氮轉化試驗 34 4.5 農藥於土壤中的殘留量分析 38 4.6 土壤微生物群落層級生理圖譜分析 42 4.7 統計分析 44 伍、結果與討論 45 5.1 供試土壤基本性質測定結果 45 5.2 施用施得圃對土壤之影響 47 5.2.1 施得圃對土壤性質之影響 47 5.2.2 施得圃對土壤碳轉化之影響 51 5.2.3 施得圃對土壤氮轉化之影響 55 5.2.4 施得圃於土壤中的殘留量分析 60 5.2.5 施得圃對於土壤微生物群落之影響 63 5.3 施用丁基拉草對土壤之影響 66 5.3.1 丁基拉草對土壤性質之影響 66 5.3.2 丁基拉草對土壤碳轉化之影響 70 5.3.3 丁基拉草對土壤氮轉化之影響 76 5.3.4 丁基拉草於土壤中的殘留量分析 81 5.3.5 丁基拉草對於土壤微生物群落之影響 84 5.4 施用克枯爛對土壤之影響 88 5.4.1 克枯爛對土壤性質之影響 88 5.4.2 克枯爛對土壤碳轉化之影響 91 5.4.3 克枯爛對土壤氮轉化之影響 95 5.4.4 克枯爛於土壤中的殘留量分析 100 5.4.5 克枯爛對於土壤微生物群落之影響 101 5.5 結果統整 105 陸、結論 117 柒、參考文獻 118 | |
| dc.language.iso | zh-TW | |
| dc.subject | 土壤微生物 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 施得圃 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 丁基拉草 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 克枯爛 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 氮轉化 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 土壤呼吸 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | Nitrogen transformation | en |
| dc.subject | Soil microorganism | en |
| dc.subject | Soil respiration | en |
| dc.subject | Pendimethalin | en |
| dc.subject | Butachlor | en |
| dc.subject | Tecloftalam | en |
| dc.title | 施用不同農藥對於水田土壤的碳及氮轉化影響 | zh_TW |
| dc.title | Effects of pesticide application on carbon and nitrogen transformation in paddy soils | en |
| dc.date.schoolyear | 109-2 | |
| dc.description.degree | 碩士 | |
| dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 陳玟瑾(Hsin-Tsai Liu),林乃君(Chih-Yang Tseng),徐慈鴻,何素鵬 | |
| dc.subject.keyword | 施得圃,丁基拉草,克枯爛,氮轉化,土壤呼吸,土壤微生物, | zh_TW |
| dc.subject.keyword | Pendimethalin,Butachlor,Tecloftalam,Nitrogen transformation,Soil respiration,Soil microorganism, | en |
| dc.relation.page | 129 | |
| dc.identifier.doi | 10.6342/NTU202102664 | |
| dc.rights.note | 同意授權(全球公開) | |
| dc.date.accepted | 2021-08-25 | |
| dc.contributor.author-college | 生物資源暨農學院 | zh_TW |
| dc.contributor.author-dept | 農業化學研究所 | zh_TW |
| dc.date.embargo-lift | 2023-09-01 | - |
| 顯示於系所單位： | 農業化學系 | |
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