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| DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
|---|---|---|
| dc.contributor.advisor | 吳焜裕(Kuen-Yuh Wu) | |
| dc.contributor.author | Lien-Yao Chou | en |
| dc.contributor.author | 周煉堯 | zh_TW |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2022-11-24T09:26:45Z | - |
| dc.date.available | 2022-11-24T09:26:45Z | - |
| dc.date.copyright | 2021-11-03 | |
| dc.date.issued | 2021 | |
| dc.date.submitted | 2021-10-25 | |
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(2019, Dec). Relationships between Pb, As, Cr, and Cd in individual cows' milk and milk composition and heavy metal contents in water, silage, and soil. Environ Pollut, 255(Pt 2), 113322. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113322 | |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/81752 | - |
| dc.description.abstract | "鎘與鎳廣泛分佈於土壤中，待其被農作物吸收，將這些農產品用作家禽與家畜的飼料，長期餵食可能導致鎘與鎳殘留在他們的肉與內臟，人再食用這些肉類產品就會暴露鎘與鎳。已有文獻指出攝取過量的鎘會對人體造成腎臟與骨頭的慢性損傷，如痛痛病(Itai-Itai Disease)；長期暴露鎳亦會導致生殖系統或發育異常；為維護消費者健康，歐洲食品安全局(EFSA)已訂定鎘的每週容許攝入量(Tolerable weekly intake, TWI)為2.5 μg/kg-week以及鎳的每日容許攝入量(Tolerable daily intake, TDI)為2.8 μg/kg-day。本研究旨在建立群體生理基礎藥物動力學(Population physiologically based pharmacokinetics, PPBPK)模式，以模擬牛、羊、豬與雞、鴨、鵝群，因每天食用含鎘、含鎳飼料，最後在肉與內臟產品中鎘與鎳含量的分佈，並利用國家攝食資料庫執行機率暴露與風險評估，評估結果將可提供政府作為制定飼料中鎘與鎳殘留標準之參考。首先搜集上述家畜和家禽類的群體解剖生理參數以建構PPBPK模式，並根據文獻報告鎘與鎳於動物體中殘留量驗證之。接著考慮動物之飼料攝取量、體重、飼料鎘與鎳殘留量、PPBPK模式參數及國人之肉品攝食量、體重皆為統計分佈，因此使用Crystal Ball軟體進行蒙地卡羅模擬(Monte Carlo simulations)以完成機率健康風險評估(10,000 trials)。總體暴露評估依EFSA飼料限量標準進行，結果顯示，在消費者族群中，鎘與鎳的危害指數(Hazard index, HI)皆大於1，且各年齡95%以上的族群，鎘與鎳的致癌風險皆大於10-6；建議應根據現有科學資訊，重新執行健康風險評估，修定飼料鎘的限量基準，並制定飼料鎳的相關標準以維護國人健康。" | zh_TW |
| dc.description.provenance | Made available in DSpace on 2022-11-24T09:26:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 U0001-2210202120550900.pdf: 6074345 bytes, checksum: 1296efcd40f13fa578fcdb402086e0d7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2021 | en |
| dc.description.tableofcontents | 口試委員會審定書 i 誌謝 ii 中文摘要 iii Abstract iv 目 錄 vi 圖目錄 viii 表目錄 xii 第一章 緒論 1 1.1 研究背景 1 1.2 飼料鎘來源及分佈 2 1.3 飼料鎳來源及分佈 2 1.4 飼料法規標準 3 1.4.1 鎘之最大殘留量 3 1.4.2 鎳之最大殘留量 5 1.5 飼料鎘與鎳的健康風險評估 7 1.5.1 轉移因子 8 1.5.2 分配係數 9 1.6 研究目的 10 第二章 材料與方法 11 2.1 研究架構 11 2.2 系統性文獻回顧 12 2.3 建構利用群體的生理基礎藥物動力學模式 12 2.3.1 鎘之生理基礎藥物動力學模式及其參數 13 2.3.2 鎳之生理基礎藥物動力學模式及其參數 15 2.4 群體基礎之動物生理參數 17 2.5 國家攝食資料庫 18 2.6 非致癌性風險評估 18 2.6.1 鎘的非致癌性風險評估 19 2.6.2 鎳的非致癌性風險評估 21 2.7 致癌性風險評估 22 2.7.1 鎘的致癌性風險評估 22 2.7.2 鎳的致癌性風險評估 23 2.8 統計分析及軟體 24 第三章 結果與討論 25 3.1 利用群體的生理基礎藥物動力學模式驗證 25 3.1.1 鎘之利用群體的生理基礎藥代動力學模式驗證 25 3.1.2 鎳之利用群體的生理基礎藥代動力學模式驗證 28 3.1.3 相關性分析 30 3.2 暴露評估結果 30 3.3 風險特性化結果 32 3.3.1 機率危害指數評估 32 3.3.2 機率致癌風險 33 3.3.3 敏感度分析 33 3.4 與其他食物的風險比較 35 3.5 與國際肉品攝食風險比較 37 3.6 建議修訂飼料鎘與鎳的最大限量 38 3.7 研究限制 40 第四章 結論 42 參考文獻 43 | |
| dc.language.iso | zh-TW | |
| dc.subject | 生理基礎藥物動力學模式 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 飼料 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 鎘 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 鎳 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 健康風險評估 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | PBPK model | en |
| dc.subject | Cadmium | en |
| dc.subject | Nickel | en |
| dc.subject | Health risk assessment | en |
| dc.subject | Feed | en |
| dc.title | 利用群體的生理基礎藥物動力學進行飼料鎘與鎳之機率健康風險評估 | zh_TW |
| dc.title | Probabilistic Health Risk Assessment for Cadmium and Nickel in Animal Feed: A Population Physiologically-Based Pharmacokinetics Approach | en |
| dc.date.schoolyear | 109-2 | |
| dc.description.degree | 碩士 | |
| dc.contributor.advisor-orcid | 吳焜裕(0000-0003-1388-475X) | |
| dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 江素瑛(Hsin-Tsai Liu),周晉澄(Chih-Yang Tseng),鄭尊仁,羅宇軒 | |
| dc.subject.keyword | 飼料,鎘,鎳,健康風險評估,生理基礎藥物動力學模式, | zh_TW |
| dc.subject.keyword | Feed,Cadmium,Nickel,Health risk assessment,PBPK model, | en |
| dc.relation.page | 147 | |
| dc.identifier.doi | 10.6342/NTU202104056 | |
| dc.rights.note | 未授權 | |
| dc.date.accepted | 2021-10-26 | |
| dc.contributor.author-college | 公共衛生學院 | zh_TW |
| dc.contributor.author-dept | 食品安全與健康研究所 | zh_TW |
| 顯示於系所單位： | 食品安全與健康研究所 | |
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