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| DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
|---|---|---|
| dc.contributor.advisor | 陳正平(Jen-Ping Chen) | |
| dc.contributor.author | Chung-Kai Wu | en |
| dc.contributor.author | 吳鍾愷 | zh_TW |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2022-11-24T03:26:01Z | - |
| dc.date.available | 2021-09-17 | |
| dc.date.available | 2022-11-24T03:26:01Z | - |
| dc.date.copyright | 2021-09-17 | |
| dc.date.issued | 2021 | |
| dc.date.submitted | 2021-08-31 | |
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| dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/81010 | - |
| dc.description.abstract | 本研究以WRF模式模擬西北太平洋面因冷空氣潰流而形成之雲街所呈現的氣膠間接效應。搭配了對氣膠敏感的雙矩量雲微物理參數法，在一公里的水平解析度下，雲街結構被合理地呈現。當海表面溫度比近地面空氣高3 K時，雲街現象即可產生；當海氣溫差擴大到9 K以上時，層積雲將過渡成較具對流性的雲種。相較太平洋東側的海洋性層積雲，雲街仰賴海面供給能量與水氣，對雲頂輻射冷的驅動依賴較低，因而使日夜變化不顯著。強海面可感熱通量能配合風切在低層初步產生渦流使邊界層混合，當雲形成於舉升凝結高度之上，潛熱加熱上部邊界層將進一步幫助雲層與邊界層的發展。 本研究設計一組氣膠濃度涵蓋乾淨背景到高度污染大氣狀況的數值實驗，檢測雲街系統對於氣膠在微觀與巨觀尺度的反應。由於雲街系統處於過渡狀態上，對氣膠的反應相當敏感；其反應雖符合Twomey效應，但與Albrecht效應有部分不符合的情形，特別在較為乾淨的環境中。與Albrecht效應相違來自於氣膠減弱了毛毛雨的形成，因而抑制毛毛雨在雲下蒸發所造成的邊界層穩定化，進而造成的動力上影響。當氣膠濃度上升，降水的機制式微，邊界層不穩度提升使對流加強，因而提高雲頂和上方自由大氣的交互作用使乾空氣逸入增強，個別的雲塊中逸入所消耗的雲水將與來自下方海面的水氣補充競爭。雖然雲塊內雲水含量上升，但使個別雲塊與整體雲覆量縮小。雖單一雲塊內的雲水量提升如Albrecht效應預期，使雲反照率提升，加強Twomey效應；但雲覆量隨氣膠粒子數量濃度降低而降低，在全天空反照率的計算上抵銷些許Twomey效應。 | zh_TW |
| dc.description.provenance | Made available in DSpace on 2022-11-24T03:26:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 U0001-3108202113560400.pdf: 35895516 bytes, checksum: 60877f99913ce177e059a465f21b04ec (MD5) Previous issue date: 2021 | en |
| dc.description.tableofcontents | 誌謝 (Acknowledgment) i Abstract ii 中文摘要 (Abstract in Chinese) iv Contents vi List of Tables viii List of Figures ix Chapter 1 Introduction 1 Chapter 2 Methodology 7 2.1 Model setup 7 2.2 Microphysical scheme 8 2.3 Case description 11 2.4 Definition of key parameters 12 2.4.1 Cloud definition 12 2.4.2 Turbulence 13 2.4.3 Wavelength of the cloud streets and roll vortices 14 2.4.4 Susceptibility 15 Chapter 3 Cloud-streets Structure and Interaction with the Environment 18 3.1 Macrophysical characteristics 18 3.2 Microphysical structures 21 3.3 The role of cloud latent heating 23 3.4 The role of sea-surface forcing 26 3.5 The role of radiative forcing 32 3.6 Summary 34 Chapter 4 Aerosol Effects on the Roll-type Stratocumulus Clouds 36 4.1 Microphysical Aspects 36 4.2 Macrophysical Aspects 42 4.2.1 Cloud vertical dimension 42 4.2.2 Drizzle evaporation effects 44 4.2.3 Dynamic responses: roll spacing and the aspect ratio 51 4.2.4 Susceptibility 56 Comparison with the Type II and VI maritime stratiform clouds 62 Chapter 5 Discussion 71 5.1 Effect of model resolution 71 5.2 Effect of boundary layer scheme 73 5.3 Effect of the radiation schemes 75 5.4 Cloud definition and the weak clouds 77 Chapter 6 Conclusion and Future Work 80 6.1 Conclusion 80 6.2 Future Work 82 References 84 Tables 107 Figures 111 | |
| dc.language.iso | en | |
| dc.subject | 雲街 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 海洋性邊界層 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 冷空氣潰流 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 層積雲 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 氣膠間接效應 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | stratocumulus cloud | en |
| dc.subject | cold-air outbreak | en |
| dc.subject | aerosol indirect effect | en |
| dc.subject | marine planet boundary layer | en |
| dc.subject | cloud street | en |
| dc.title | 西北太平洋雲街氣膠間接效應之模擬研究 | zh_TW |
| dc.title | Simulation of the Aerosol Indirect Effect on Cloud Streets over the Northwestern Pacific Ocean | en |
| dc.date.schoolyear | 109-2 | |
| dc.description.degree | 博士 | |
| dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 郭鴻基(Hsin-Tsai Liu),王維強(Chih-Yang Tseng),隋中興,吳健銘,羅敏輝,傅宗玫,陳怡均 | |
| dc.subject.keyword | 雲街,氣膠間接效應,層積雲,冷空氣潰流,海洋性邊界層, | zh_TW |
| dc.subject.keyword | cloud street,aerosol indirect effect,stratocumulus cloud,cold-air outbreak,marine planet boundary layer, | en |
| dc.relation.page | 184 | |
| dc.identifier.doi | 10.6342/NTU202102881 | |
| dc.rights.note | 同意授權(限校園內公開) | |
| dc.date.accepted | 2021-09-01 | |
| dc.contributor.author-college | 理學院 | zh_TW |
| dc.contributor.author-dept | 大氣科學研究所 | zh_TW |
| 顯示於系所單位： | 大氣科學系 | |
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