不同母親國籍子女的學習成果差異

Abstract

本文使用臺灣學生學習成就評量資料庫 , 比較不同國籍新移民母親(中國籍、東南亞籍)子女在國語、英語、數學三科和本國籍子女國小至高中職的學習差異。實證發現,控制性別及父母的教育程度後 , 母親國籍中港澳子女於小六及高二時國語科成績顯著優於本國籍子女,其餘階段與本國籍無異 ;英語科除小四落後之外,高中職時的表現反而優於本國籍子女;數學科於小四時成績稍微落後本國籍子女,但隨著年級上升並無差異。母親國籍東南亞子女,國語、英語及數學等三科成績雖於國小國中階段全面落後,但國語及英語延伸至高中職階段時,成績與本國籍皆無差異,僅數學科持續落後,新移民子女就讀高中機率方面,母親國籍中港澳的子女讀高中的機率顯著較高,而母親東南亞籍的子女則顯著較低。除此之外,父母教育程度與子女的學習成果有正向顯著關係,父母教育程度越高者,念高中的機率也越高。

This paper uses data from “Taiwan Assessment of Student Achievement(TASA)' to compare the educational performance of three groups of children with native or denizened mothers . Three subjects, Chinese, English, and Mathematics, are evaluated and traced in the fourth, sixth, and eighth grades in elementary/secondary schools and the second year of (vocational) high schools. We find that after controlling the gender and the education level of the parents, the children with mother from China whose Chinese scores are significantly better than native children in the sixth grade and high school. The scores in English are lower for fourth graders but better for high schoolers than native children; The scores in mathematics are slightly behind the native children in the fourth grade but there’s no difference in others. The scores of children with mothers from South-East Asia are significantly lower than native children in all three subjects during elementary/secondary schools. However, the score in Chinese and English of (vocational) high schoolers shows no remarkable differences from native children. There are , however , significantly lower scores in mathematics.In addition, children with mothers of foreign nationality have different progression rates to high school. The children with mothers from China have significantly higher progression rates and the children with mother from South-East Asia have significantly lower progression rates. Moreover, the education level of parents has a positive relationship with the children's educational performance and progression rate to high school.