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| DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
|---|---|---|
| dc.contributor.advisor | 徐濟泰(Jih-Tay Hsu) | |
| dc.contributor.author | Ling-You Chen | en |
| dc.contributor.author | 陳苓祐 | zh_TW |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2022-11-24T03:05:03Z | - |
| dc.date.available | 2021-10-04 | |
| dc.date.available | 2022-11-24T03:05:03Z | - |
| dc.date.copyright | 2021-10-04 | |
| dc.date.issued | 2021 | |
| dc.date.submitted | 2021-09-17 | |
| dc.identifier.citation | 行政院農業委員會。2021。牛乳友善生產系統定義與指南。行政院農業委員會農牧字第 1100042527號 函。 王傑典。2011。荷蘭犢牛自出生至 8 週齡期間之體重與血液參數變化。國立中興大學動物科學研究所碩士論文。 白火城、黃森源、林仁壽。1996。家畜臨床血液生化學。立宇出版社,台南市。 陳世平、孫豫芬、黃玉明譯。2012。乳牛信號-酪農場管理實用指南。台灣動物科技研究所出版(ISBN:978-957-9069922)。 郭雅心。2020。地衣芽孢桿菌表面素粗萃物應用於乳牛的潛力。國立台灣大學動物科學技術學研究所碩士論文。 陳怡璇。2016。奶瓶餵奶與水桶餵奶哪種方法較適合仔牛?網址:http://www.kuangchuan.com/09Life/pdf/105-2.pdf。 Albright, J. L., D. K. Stouffer, and N. J. Kenyon. 1991. Behaviour of veal calves in individual stalls and pens. New trends in veal calf production. EAAP Publ. No. 52. Bach, A., L. Domingo, C. Montoro, and M. Terré. 2013. Short communication: Insulin responsiveness is affected by the level of milk replacer offered to young calves. J. Dairy Sci. 96:4634-4637. Baldwin, R. L., K. R. McLeod, J. L. Klotz, and R. N. Heitmann. 2004. Rumen development, intestinal growth and hepatic metabolism in the pre- and postweaning ruminant. J. Dairy Sci. 87:E55–E65. Belaid, M. A., M. Rodríguez-Prado, D. V. Rodríguez-Prado, E. 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| dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/80356 | - |
| dc.description.abstract | 仔牛在離乳前的哺乳階段,為其一生中生長速率最快、飼料效率最高的時期,而仔牛的生長表現與健康狀況也與未來的泌乳量、牧場規模及穩定收入密切相關。在台灣的酪農場中,飼養頭數有逐漸增加的趨勢,但願意投入畜牧產業的勞力卻逐漸減少,因此需仰賴自動化的設備來解決勞力不足的問題。然而,大多數的酪農場仍採用仔牛單獨關欄、水桶飼養的傳統飼養模式,造成仔牛的活動空間受限與非符合仔牛自然行為的餵奶方式而出現異食癖等問題,導致仔牛生長表現不如預期,故如何提升仔牛的生長表現同時又能減少勞動力已經成為一項重要的議題。 本試驗使用 20 頭荷蘭(Holstein-Friesian)仔牛,包含 7 頭仔公牛與 13 頭仔母牛,依據出生日期、性別、一週齡體重將仔牛於 7 日齡時平均分配於兩種欄位,分為對照組(採傳統飼養模式,單隻關欄,水桶餵奶)與實驗組(採自動餵乳系統餵奶,群體關欄)。每頭仔牛試驗為期七週(至 56 日齡),對照組每日以水桶提供 7 公升牛奶,分早晚兩次供應,而實驗組每日則透過自動餵乳系統提供 7 公升牛 奶,分三餐供應,每次最多可攝取 2.33 公升,兩組的教槽料於進入試驗時即供應,乾草(百慕達)於 14 日齡時開始供應,會視仔牛採食狀況做添加,水則採任食。檢測項目包含對照組與處理組 2~8 週齡之採食量、生長表現與行為表現,還有在仔牛 1、2 月齡時進行血液生化值測定,此外也記錄試驗期間仔牛的疾病治療狀況 與疾病期間的行為變化。而在試驗結束後混入相同欄位時,進行後續的體重變化追蹤,以了解離乳前兩種飼養條件對仔牛後續生長表現的影響。 結果顯示,使用自動餵乳系統的群飼仔牛在前兩週有較高的代乳攝入量,但在 8 週齡試驗結束時之體重與體測值(體高、臀高、胸寬、臀寬、胸圍、體長、前管 圍)方面與對照組無差異,而在離乳後則是有較平穩的增重狀況。行為表現上,在前六週也有較高的站立時間、反芻時間,以及較少的躺臥時間。而在疾病評估方面,使用自動餵乳系統的群飼仔牛有較多的疾病狀況且有高的治療比例,但在血液生化值的各項檢測結果中,皆與對照組無差異,僅在白血球數量上有略高的趨勢但未達顯著。 總結來說,以群體飼養搭配自動餵乳系統的餵奶方式對仔牛的生長表現無顯著影響,可能與本次試驗代乳的設限總量與次數有關,然而,卻有促進仔牛採食與 鼓勵活動的潛力,還可降低勞動力與餵飼時間的成本。雖有較高的疾病發生風險,但若能多觀察仔牛與檢查自動餵乳系統與活動量偵測器所收集到的數據,儘早找出問題仔牛,給予治療,使其盡快恢復健康,勢必可增進仔牛的動物福利。 | zh_TW |
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| dc.description.tableofcontents | 謝誌...................................................................................................I 中文摘要............................................................................................II 英文摘要...........................................................................................IV 目錄....................................................................................................i 圖目錄...............................................................................................iv 表目錄.................................................................................................v 壹、前言.............................................................................................1 貳、文獻探討.......................................................................................2 一、仔牛飼養的重要性.....................................................................2 (一)仔牛的消化生理.................................................................2 (二)仔牛飼養對未來的影響........................................................6 二、傳統飼養方式對仔牛生長之影響...................................................6 (一)單獨欄位..........................................................................7 (二)水桶餵飼..........................................................................8 (三)餵乳量.............................................................................9 三、解決方式................................................................................10 (一)仔牛代乳自動餵飼系統......................................................10 (二)活動量記錄器..................................................................15 (三)健康評估........................................................................16 參、材料與方法..................................................................................23 一、試驗動物...............................................................................24 二、動物舍配置............................................................................26 三、飼養方式...............................................................................29 (一)出生處理........................................................................29 (二)哺乳試驗期.....................................................................29 (三)試驗後續追蹤..................................................................30 四、試驗處理...............................................................................31 (一)採食量測量.....................................................................31 (二)體測與體重測量...............................................................31 (三)血樣採集........................................................................31 (四)活動量記錄器..................................................................32 五、資料收集...............................................................................32 (一)行為觀察.........................................................................32 (二)飼糧組成.........................................................................36 (三)飼糧成分分析方法.............................................................40 六、統計模式...............................................................................49 肆、結果與討論..................................................................................50 一、採食量..................................................................................50 (一)牛奶攝入量.....................................................................50 (二)教槽料與乾草採食量..........................................................52 二、生長表現...............................................................................56 (一)體重變化........................................................................56 (二)體測值變化.....................................................................60 三、行為表現...............................................................................68 (一)監視錄影畫面數據與活動量記錄器數據比較...........................68 (二)活動量記錄器數據............................................................71 (三)監視錄影畫面統整數據......................................................76 四、健康評估與疾病治療................................................................81 (一)試驗仔牛疾病狀況............................................................81 (二)血液生化值.....................................................................90 伍、結論............................................................................................96 陸、參考文獻......................................................................................97 | |
| dc.language.iso | zh-TW | |
| dc.subject | 健康 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 仔牛 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 自動餵乳系統 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 群飼 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 採食量 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 生長表現 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 行為 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | Dairy calves | en |
| dc.subject | Health | en |
| dc.subject | Behavior | en |
| dc.subject | Growth performance | en |
| dc.subject | Group pen | en |
| dc.subject | Automatic milk replacer feeding system | en |
| dc.subject | Feed intake | en |
| dc.title | 使用代乳自動餵飼系統對犢牛生長表現與健康狀況之影響 | zh_TW |
| dc.title | The Effect of Automatic Milk Replacer Feeding System on Growth Performance and Health Condition in Dairy Calves | en |
| dc.date.schoolyear | 109-2 | |
| dc.description.degree | 碩士 | |
| dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 王翰聰(Hsin-Tsai Liu),陳靜宜(Chih-Yang Tseng),吳建平 | |
| dc.subject.keyword | 仔牛,自動餵乳系統,群飼,採食量,生長表現,行為,健康, | zh_TW |
| dc.subject.keyword | Dairy calves,Automatic milk replacer feeding system,Group pen,Feed intake,Growth performance,Behavior,Health, | en |
| dc.relation.page | 107 | |
| dc.identifier.doi | 10.6342/NTU202101046 | |
| dc.rights.note | 同意授權(限校園內公開) | |
| dc.date.accepted | 2021-09-23 | |
| dc.contributor.author-college | 生物資源暨農學院 | zh_TW |
| dc.contributor.author-dept | 動物科學技術學研究所 | zh_TW |
| 顯示於系所單位: | 動物科學技術學系 | |
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