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| DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
|---|---|---|
| dc.contributor.advisor | 鄭謙仁(Chian-Ren Jeng) | |
| dc.contributor.author | Yen-Han Chen | en |
| dc.contributor.author | 陳彥涵 | zh_TW |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2022-11-24T03:04:34Z | - |
| dc.date.available | 2021-07-08 | |
| dc.date.available | 2022-11-24T03:04:34Z | - |
| dc.date.copyright | 2021-07-08 | |
| dc.date.issued | 2021 | |
| dc.date.submitted | 2021-06-23 | |
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| dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/80328 | - |
| dc.description.abstract | "阿茲海默症（Alzheimer’s Disease, AD）是人類老年醫學造成「失智症」最重要的疾病，約佔失智症人口60-70%。本病是進行性的神經性病變，可引起程度不一的認知功能障礙，最重要的組織病變包含：(1) 細胞外可見乙型類澱粉蛋白（Beta-amyloid）沉著，形成類澱粉斑塊（Aß plaques, senile plaques）或出現腦部類澱粉血管病變（Cerebral amyloid angiopathy, CAA）；(2) 細胞內過磷化tau蛋白（hp-tau）堆積，嚴重者可造成神經元壞死，形成神經元纖維纏結（Neurofibrillary tangles, NFTs）。至今，本病仍有部分致病機轉尚未全然解開。根據文獻，許多老年動物被發現有類似人類阿茲海默症的腦部病變，包含不同程度的乙型類澱粉蛋白（Beta-amyloid）沉積與神經元纖維纏結（NFTs）的神經元內堆積，包括靈長目、食肉目、鯨偶蹄目、囓齒目、兔型目、馬（奇蹄目）與其他海洋哺乳類，且於不同物種有不同的病變發展。不過，相關的研究在鳥類中仍非常少。本論文為老年鳥類乙型類澱粉蛋白（Beta-amyloid）沉著提供一個回溯性研究，並發現於鳥類可有三種不同型態的乙型類澱粉蛋白沉積，以及證實了腦血管乙型類澱粉沉著可於鳥類中被發現。本研究樣本共包含13個目，29個物種，共50隻個體，並以免疫組織化學染色進行四種（6E10、4G8、x-40、x-42）抗乙型類澱粉蛋白（Beta-amyloid）及一種（AT100）抗過磷酸化tau蛋白染色，偵測是否有AD相關之異常蛋白存在於鳥類腦組織中。研究結果發現，除一34歲白腹海鵰可在H E染色下看到明顯微小膠細胞增多以及聚集在神經纖維周圍之外，其他病例的腦組織皆未出現明顯組織病變。在IHC染色結果，本實驗首次發現了白腹海鵰腦組織病例可顯示出3+強陽性，且可見明顯類澱粉斑塊（Aß plaques）及多發局部的類澱粉血管病變（CAA），呈現diffuse to compact斑塊（Diffuse/compact plaque）。此外，另一熊鷹（赫氏角鷹，Nisaetus nipalensis）病例亦為首次發現，可見大腦及小腦腦膜血管出現明顯多發Aß陽性訊號。挑選幾個乙型類澱粉蛋白（Beta-amyloid）陽性樣本進一步以甲烯胺嗜銀染色（Methenamine silver，MS）染色及類澱粉樣染色（Congo Red stain），以確定類澱粉斑塊（Aß plaques）的結構存在。所有老年鳥類樣本經AT100染色後皆為陰性，未見明顯細胞內tau蛋白堆積的證據。而兩例IHC陽性病例，皆呈現類澱粉樣染色（Congo Red stain）陰性結果。此外，Aß (x)-40與42兩種抗體的染色，在本實驗結果討論中，被認為是於鳥類研究中較有意義的抗體。本研究提供關於老年鳥類腦部乙型類澱粉蛋白（Beta-amyloid）沉著的初步視野，並發現乙型類澱粉蛋白（Beta-amyloid）的異常堆積可能具有好發於鷹科海鵰屬（Haliaeetus spp.）或其他老年猛禽類的傾向，但相關疾病機轉仍需要更進一步的探究。據此，老年鳥類可能是自然發生類阿茲海默症腦部病變的動物，可出現與人類或其他哺乳動物類似乙型類澱粉蛋白（Beta-amyloid）的堆積，但沒有神經原內的異常tau蛋白形成。" | zh_TW |
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| dc.description.tableofcontents | 致謝..................................................................i 摘要................................................................iii Abstract..............................................................v Contents............................................................vii List of Tables.......................................................ix List of Figures.......................................................x Chapter 1 Introduction................................................1 1. Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) in Humans...............................1 1.1 General Concept of AD.........................................1 1.2 Structures of β-Amyloid Protein in AD.........................1 1.3 Patterns of β-Amyloid Plaque..................................2 1.4 Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy (CAA).............................3 2. Cerebral β-Amyloid Accumulation in Animals.......................4 2.1 AD-like Histopathological Features in Domestic Dogs and Cats..4 2.2 AD-like Histopathological Features in Wildlife................4 3. Aim of the Study.................................................9 Chapter 2 Materials and Methods......................................11 Animal Samples.....................................................11 Histopathology.....................................................11 Methenamine Silver (MS) stain....................................11 Congo Red stain..................................................12 Immunohistochemistry (IHC).........................................13 Antibodies.......................................................13 Scoring............................................................14 Chapter 3 Results....................................................16 Animals Specimens Collection.......................................16 Results of IHC and Scoring.........................................16 6E10 (N=50)......................................................17 4G8 (N=48).......................................................18 Aß40 (N=50)......................................................18 Aß42 (N=50)......................................................19 Hyperphosphorylated tau protein AT100..............................19 IHC Results in the Control Group...................................19 MS and Congo red stain.............................................20 Chapter 4 Discussion.................................................21 General Phenomenon of Aß in Avian species..........................21 Types/Patterns of Aß in Avian species..............................22 IHC Results in Different under Different Antibodies................22 IHC Results in Different Avian Orders..............................23 IHC Results in Younger Birds.......................................24 Histochemistry Staining Characteristics of Aß in Avian.............25 Chapter 5 Conclusion and Future Works................................27 References...........................................................29 Tables of Current study..............................................40 Figures of Current Study.............................................46 | |
| dc.language.iso | zh-TW | |
| dc.subject | 熊鷹 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 乙型類澱粉蛋白 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 腦部類澱粉血管病變 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 海鵰屬 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 鳥類腦神經病變 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | Sea eagle (Haliaeetus spp.) | en |
| dc.subject | Beta-amyloid (Aβ) | en |
| dc.subject | Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) | en |
| dc.subject | Avian neuroscience | en |
| dc.subject | Hodgson's hawk-eagle (Nisaetus nipalensis) | en |
| dc.title | 鳥類腦乙型類澱粉沉著症回溯性研究 | zh_TW |
| dc.title | A Retrospective Survey of Cerebral Beta-Amyloid Accumulation in Avian Species | en |
| dc.date.schoolyear | 109-2 | |
| dc.description.degree | 碩士 | |
| dc.contributor.coadvisor | 張惠雯(Hui-Wen Chang),張晏禎(Yen-Chen Chang) | |
| dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 龎飛(Hsin-Tsai Liu),邱慧英(Chih-Yang Tseng) | |
| dc.subject.keyword | 鳥類腦神經病變,乙型類澱粉蛋白,腦部類澱粉血管病變,海鵰屬,熊鷹, | zh_TW |
| dc.subject.keyword | Avian neuroscience,Beta-amyloid (Aβ),Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA),Sea eagle (Haliaeetus spp.),Hodgson's hawk-eagle (Nisaetus nipalensis), | en |
| dc.relation.page | 60 | |
| dc.identifier.doi | 10.6342/NTU202101098 | |
| dc.rights.note | 同意授權(限校園內公開) | |
| dc.date.accepted | 2021-06-23 | |
| dc.contributor.author-college | 獸醫專業學院 | zh_TW |
| dc.contributor.author-dept | 分子暨比較病理生物學研究所 | zh_TW |
| 顯示於系所單位： | 分子暨比較病理生物學研究所 | |
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