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| DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
|---|---|---|
| dc.contributor.advisor | 吳俊傑(Chun-Chieh Wu) | |
| dc.contributor.author | Yu-An Chen | en |
| dc.contributor.author | 陳禹安 | zh_TW |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2022-11-23T09:16:43Z | - |
| dc.date.available | 2021-08-04 | |
| dc.date.available | 2022-11-23T09:16:43Z | - |
| dc.date.copyright | 2021-08-04 | |
| dc.date.issued | 2021 | |
| dc.date.submitted | 2021-07-28 | |
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| dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/79919 | - |
| dc.description.abstract | 颱風與槽線交互作用對颱風強度可同時造成有利和不利影響，因此在研究與預報上仍具挑戰。其中在西北太平洋，高層冷心低壓則是另一種常見可與颱風交互作用的高層環境系統。本研究目的在於了解高層冷心低壓對颱風強度及結構的影響，以及區分有利和不利颱風發展的高層冷心低壓配置。研究的第一部分進行真實個案模擬，控制組實驗(CTRL)模擬2016年的尼伯特颱風，另外還透過片段位渦反演的方法進行移除高層冷心低壓的實驗(noCL)，目的是能夠量化高層冷心低壓對颱風的影響程度。第二部分則在準理想(quasi-idealized)的架構下進行高層冷心低壓與颱風間配置的敏感性實驗測試。 真實個案模擬的結果顯示，控制組實驗在颱風與冷心低壓交互作用期間，冷心低壓將伴隨慣性穩定度較低、對稱不穩定度較高、渦流角動量通量輻合較高等環境條件，使得颱風外流形成不對稱結構且有利於其擴張。此外，控制組實驗的快速增強時間明顯較早，伴隨眼牆附近較強的對流活動以及較快的軸對稱化過程。本研究接著提出三個冷心低壓影響颱風內核結構的可能機制。首先，冷心低壓環流相對於颱風將伴隨較低的絕對角動量，這將使颱風外流擴展所需的能量耗散下降，因此颱風可保留較多的淨能量來源進行其他方面的作功，也使的颱風增強速率提高。另外，由於冷心低壓始終與颱風保持一定的距離，且交互作用過程中不斷被颱風本身的外流反氣旋場削弱，這可使冷心低壓引發的垂直風切有效降低。因此在控制組實驗中，風切引發的下沉運動所伴隨的邊界層頂低熵空氣明顯較低，颱風的淨能量來源也能有效保留不被抵銷。最後，我們透過Sawyer-Eliassen平衡診斷方程發現冷心低壓的環境渦流強迫可直接造成颱風次環流的增強，有利於颱風發展。整體來說，尼伯特颱風與冷心低壓的交互作用有利颱風發展。冷心低壓除了額外提供有利條件，也降低風切造成的不利因素，使得颱風淨能量來源得以保留、軸對稱化過程較快且快速增強肇始時間提早。 敏感性實驗結果顯示颱風增強速度主要由垂直風切量值所決定。當冷心低壓位於颱風北側或西北側且維持大約一倍羅士培變形半徑的適當距離(約600到1000公里)，交互作用將最有利颱風發展。若冷心低壓始終位在颱風近距離東側且保持一定強度，交互作用將不利颱風發展。另外，只要冷心低壓伴隨的風切保持不高，即使距離很近也可發生有利的交互作用。 | zh_TW |
| dc.description.provenance | Made available in DSpace on 2022-11-23T09:16:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 U0001-2807202114031800.pdf: 34097778 bytes, checksum: f809f57b2d7a4c9e86a94d5b230bc81e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2021 | en |
| dc.description.tableofcontents | 致謝 .……………………………………..………………………………………………………… I 摘要 .……………………………………..………………………………………………………… II Abstract …………….………………...…………………………………………………………… III Table of contents ….........………...……………………...………………………………………… V List of Tables .............……………...…………………………………………………………… VII List of Figures ..............……………...…………………………………………………………… VIII Chapter 1 Introduction ………………...…………………………………………………………… 1 1.1 The factors associated with tropical cyclone intensity and structure ………………… 1 1.2 TC-trough interaction …………………………………………………………………… 3 1.2.1 PV and EFC of angular momentum perspectives ……………………….………… 3 1.2.2 Inertial stability perspective …………………….……………………….………… 5 1.2.3 Detrimental impacts …………………………….……………………….………… 6 1.2.4 Good trough versus bad trough ……….………………………………….………… 7 1.3 Upper-tropospheric cold low …………………………………………………………... 8 1.4 Motivations and the scientific objectives ………………………………………………... 10 Chapter 2 Data and Methodology …….…………………………………………………………… 12 2.1 Numerical model settings ………………………………………….…………………… 12 2.2 Real-case simulations: the control experiment …………………………………………… 13 2.3 Real-case simulations: the no UTCL experiment ………………………………………… 14 2.4 Quasi-idealized sensitivity experiments ………………………………………………….. 16 Chapter 3 Results --- Real-case simulations …………………………………………………… 18 3.1 The composite and simulated UTCL …………………………………………………… 18 3.2 Overview of the simulation results ….………………………………………………… 19 3.2.1 Intensity and track evolution …………………….……………………….……… 19 3.2.2 Features of TC intensification process ………...……………………….……… 20 3.2.3 Synoptic analysis ……………………………………………………….……… 22 3.3 The characteristics of TC-UTCL interaction …………………….……………………….. 23 3.3.1 Upper-level configuration ………………………...……………………….……… 23 3.3.2 Upper-level stability and forcing ………………………………………….……… 25 3.4 The mechanisms of TC–UTCL interaction leading to the change of intensification rate ... 27 3.4.1 Reduction of energy sink in the outflow layer …..……………………….……… 28 3.4.2 Detrimental effects from vertical wind shear …….……………………….……… 29 3.4.3 Sawyer Eliassen Diagnosis ……………………….……………………….……… 32 Chapter 4 Results --- Quasi-idealized sensitivity experiments …...……………………………… 36 4.1 Overview of the control run ……………………………………………..……………… 36 4.2 Preliminary results of the sensitivity experiments ……………………………………… 37 Chapter 5 Conclusions ..………………..………………………………………………………… 41 5.1 Summary and discussions ……………………………………………….……………… 41 5.2 Future works ………….………………………………………………………………… 45 References ………………………………………………………………………………………… 46 Tables ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 53 Figures …………………………………………………………………………………………… 56 | |
| dc.language.iso | en | |
| dc.subject | 颱風強度與結構變化 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 高層冷心低壓 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 羅士培變形半徑 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | Sawyer Eliassen平衡診斷方程 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 片段位渦反演 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 角動量渦流通量輻合 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 淨能量來源 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 垂直風切 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | Rossby radius of deformation | en |
| dc.subject | Tropical cyclone intensity and structural change | en |
| dc.subject | Upper-tropospheric cold low | en |
| dc.subject | Piecewise potential vorticity inversion | en |
| dc.subject | eddy flux convergence of angular momentum | en |
| dc.subject | net heat energy | en |
| dc.subject | vertical wind shear | en |
| dc.subject | Sawyer-Eliassen balanced model | en |
| dc.title | 高層冷心低壓對颱風強度及結構影響之機制探討 | zh_TW |
| dc.title | Environmental Forcing of Upper-tropospheric Cold Low on Tropical Cyclone Intensity and Structural Change | en |
| dc.date.schoolyear | 109-2 | |
| dc.description.degree | 碩士 | |
| dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 連國淵(Hsin-Tsai Liu),黃清勇(Chih-Yang Tseng) | |
| dc.subject.keyword | 颱風強度與結構變化,高層冷心低壓,片段位渦反演,角動量渦流通量輻合,淨能量來源,垂直風切,Sawyer Eliassen平衡診斷方程,羅士培變形半徑, | zh_TW |
| dc.subject.keyword | Tropical cyclone intensity and structural change,Upper-tropospheric cold low,Piecewise potential vorticity inversion,eddy flux convergence of angular momentum,net heat energy,vertical wind shear,Sawyer-Eliassen balanced model,Rossby radius of deformation, | en |
| dc.relation.page | 109 | |
| dc.identifier.doi | 10.6342/NTU202101850 | |
| dc.rights.note | 同意授權(全球公開) | |
| dc.date.accepted | 2021-07-29 | |
| dc.contributor.author-college | 理學院 | zh_TW |
| dc.contributor.author-dept | 大氣科學研究所 | zh_TW |
| 顯示於系所單位： | 大氣科學系 | |
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