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| DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
|---|---|---|
| dc.contributor.advisor | 張佑宗(Yu-Tzung Chang) | |
| dc.contributor.author | Osbern Huang | en |
| dc.contributor.author | 黃忠偉 | zh_TW |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2022-11-23T09:01:17Z | - |
| dc.date.available | 2021-11-05 | |
| dc.date.available | 2022-11-23T09:01:17Z | - |
| dc.date.copyright | 2021-11-05 | |
| dc.date.issued | 2021 | |
| dc.date.submitted | 2021-10-20 | |
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| dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/79469 | - |
| dc.description.abstract | " 經濟分配的不平等，與民主政體的出現與鞏固，與人們對於民主政體需求的消長之間，總有說不完的故事。其中，多數的解釋建立於比較政治學中的三種主要研究方法：理性(Rationality)、結構(Structure)與文化(Culture)(Lichbach and Zuckerman, 2009)的前兩者。而本文之目的，則在於將文化因素引入不平等與民主支持的關係之間，將傳統文化價值由「自由」與「平等」兩個維度拆解，並假設人們對於「自由」與「平等」的偏好，將決定人們對於民主政體的天生偏好，以及對於社會公平與重分配的看法，並在社會不平等變化之時，產生對民主支持不同的影響。本文認為，「平等」價值將惡化人們因經濟分配不平等而對民主政體產生的不信任感，相對地，人們的「自由」價值則使人們對於社會不平等對民主支持的影響免疫。 本文以亞洲民主動態調查(Asian Barometer Survey)與世界價值觀調查(World Values Survey)為分析資料，將傳統文化價值區分為四個不同面向，並發現反自由的傳統文化價值有害於民主支持，而與平等相關的價值維度，則與民主支持無關，但卻高度影響人們對於政府重分配政策的肯定。而藉由複層次迴歸的分析方式，本文驗證了主要的研究假設，即偏好自由的價值體系將對民主支持有直接的正面影響，而強調平等的價值，則在不平等程度升高的同時，對民主支持產生負面的影響。 藉由本文的假設與分析，我們發現文化仍舊重要，而對文化內部進行維度的區分，將更有助於我們區辨不同文化維度對於民主支持與不平等看法的關係。而平等價值，對於總體層次社會不平等的上升對民主合法性的削弱，以及自由價值對於民主支持的維繫，則值得我們在這一個民主去鞏固的時代，投以更多的關注，並期待能有如教育等其他的因素，得以緩解平等價值所造成的民主支持彈性。最終，本文期待對於文化的更多關注，能加大民主支持相關研究的縱深，為每一個陷入停滯的民主鞏固提出具有針對性的診斷與解方。" | zh_TW |
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| dc.description.tableofcontents | "口試委員審定書 i 致謝 iii 摘要 v Abstract vii 目錄 xi 圖目錄 xv 表目錄 xvii 第一章 緣起: 以文化連結不平等與民主支持 1 1.1 研究背景與目的 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1.2 章節安排 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 1.3 預期之創見與貢獻 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 第二章 理論檢閱與研究假設 11 2.1 建構民主支持 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 2.2 不平等,民主轉型與民主鞏固 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 2.3 現代化、文化變遷與民主支持 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 2.4 自由、平等與民主 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 2.5 連結總體文化與個體決策 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 2.6 理論與研究假設 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 2.7 研究依變數:以「威權解離」來測量「民主支持」 . . . . . . . . . 31 2.8 研究使用資料與限制 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 第三章 以自由之名：四種文化價值維度與民主支持 37 3.1 文化價值面量的類別化與體制偏好 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 3.1.1 文化價值四面向與民主政體合法性 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 3.1.2 研究假設 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 3.1.3 理性、文化、社會結構與對非民主體制的支持 . . . . . . . . . . 42 3.2 資料與變數建構 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 3.3 實證分析 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 3.3.1 文化價值的面向性測試 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 3.3.2 迴歸分析的發現 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 3.4 小結:反自由的文化價值與威權偏好 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 第四章 集體主義與長期關係：促進重分配需求的文化價值面向 55 4.1 理性、結構,與兩者之間 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 4.1.1 理性與經濟因素 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 4.1.2 結構、文化與福利體系 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58 4.1.3 文化價值面向與重分配需求 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 4.1.4 研究假設 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 4.2 資料與變數建構 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 4.3 實證分析 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 4.4 小結 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70 第五章 「自由—平等價值」，不平等與民主支持：複層次迴歸的實證分析 71 5.1 自由、平等與民主:a long story . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71 5.1.1 不平等與民主之間的可能互動關係 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73 5.2 價值與社會不平等的互動:理論與假設 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 5.2.1 民主的「平等」與「自由」原則 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76 5.2.2 中產階級與民主 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77 5.2.3 研究假設 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77 5.3 資料來源、研究變數與方法 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78 5.3.1 依變數:拒絕非民主政體 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78 5.3.2 自變數:「平等—自由價值」不平等的正當性 . . . . . . . . . . 80 5.3.3 控制變數 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81 5.3.4 變數編碼原則 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81 5.3.5 敘述統計 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83 5.3.6 研究方法與模型設定 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83 5.4 「自由—平等價值」與民主支持 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84 5.4.1 總體層次的分析 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84 5.4.2 個體層次:分群分析與脈絡因素 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85 5.5 迴歸分析 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89 5.5.1 各國獨立模型 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89 5.5.2 多層次回歸:固定效果模型 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91 5.5.3 多層次回歸:混合效果模型 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92 5.6 討論:不平等與民主支持的正向非線性關係 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94 5.6.1 (依舊是) 資本主義與民主 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95 5.6.2 「自由」與「平等」的內在衝突與「看的見的手」 . . . . . . . 95 5.7 當「自由」重於「平等」:民主的昨日,今日與未來 . . . . . . . . 96 第六章 不平等下的民主危機? 99 6.1 文化價值:維度區分的必要性 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101 6.2 不平等與「平等」價值:民主危機的來源? . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102 6.3 研究限制與跨國調查計畫間的比較問題 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103 6.4 結語:新型態的不平等與民主政體的回應 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104 Bibliography 107" | |
| dc.language.iso | zh-TW | |
| dc.title | 自由或平等？不平等與民主支持之間被忽略的文化因素 | zh_TW |
| dc.title | Liberty or equality? The neglected cultural values between inequality and democratic support | en |
| dc.date.schoolyear | 109-2 | |
| dc.description.degree | 博士 | |
| dc.contributor.author-orcid | 0000-0002-7549-3618 | |
| dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 林宗弘(Hsin-Tsai Liu),黃旻華(Chih-Yang Tseng),吳文欽,童涵浦 | |
| dc.subject.keyword | 民主支持,文化價值,不平等,重分配, | zh_TW |
| dc.subject.keyword | Democratic support,Cultural values,Inequality,Redistribution, | en |
| dc.relation.page | 119 | |
| dc.identifier.doi | 10.6342/NTU202103649 | |
| dc.rights.note | 同意授權(全球公開) | |
| dc.date.accepted | 2021-10-21 | |
| dc.contributor.author-college | 社會科學院 | zh_TW |
| dc.contributor.author-dept | 政治學研究所 | zh_TW |
| 顯示於系所單位： | 政治學系 | |
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