請用此 Handle URI 來引用此文件:
http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/78920
完整後設資料紀錄
DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
---|---|---|
dc.contributor.advisor | 劉?睿 | |
dc.contributor.author | Jamie Bernadette A. Sy | en |
dc.contributor.author | 施菁菁 | zh_TW |
dc.date.accessioned | 2021-07-11T15:29:16Z | - |
dc.date.available | 2023-08-21 | |
dc.date.copyright | 2018-08-21 | |
dc.date.issued | 2018 | |
dc.date.submitted | 2018-08-17 | |
dc.identifier.citation | REFERENCES
Abee, T., Krockel, L., & Hill, C. (1995). Bacteriocins: modes of action and potentials in food preservation and control of food poisoning. International Journal of Food Microbiology, 28(2), 169–185. Abuelsaad, A. S. A., Mohamed, I., Allam, G., & Al-Solumani, A. A. (2013). Antimicrobial and immunomodulating activities of hesperidin and ellagic acid against diarrheic Aeromonas hydrophila in a murine model. Life Sciences, 93(20), 714–722. Alberts, B. (Ed.). (2002). Molecular biology of the cell (4th ed). New York: Garland Science. Allard, J. P., Royall, D., Kurian, R., Muggli, R., & Jeejeebhoy, K. N. (1994). Effects of beta-carotene supplementation on lipid peroxidation in humans. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 59(4), 884–890. Alm, L. (1982). Effect of fermentation on lactose, glucose, and galactose content in milk and suitability of fermented milk products for lactose intolerant individuals. Journal of Dairy Science, 65(3), 346–352. Ames, B. N., Durston, W. E., Yamasaki, E., & Lee, F. D. (1973). Carcinogens are mutagens: A simple test system combining liver homogenates for activation and bacteria for detection. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 70(8), 2281–2285. Andrew, P. J., & Mayer, B. (1999). Enzymatic function of nitric oxide synthases. Cardiovascular Research, 43(3), 521–531. Bakar, N. S., Zin, N. M., & Basri, D. F. (2012). Synergy of flavone with vancomycin and oxacillin against vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus. Pakistan Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 25(3), 633–638. Ballantyne, B., Marrs, T. C., & Syversen, T. (2009). Basic Elements of Toxicology. In B. Ballantyne, T. C. Marrs, & T. Syversen (Eds.), General and Applied Toxicology. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Barbieri, R., Coppo, E., Marchese, A., Daglia, M., Sobarzo-Sánchez, E., Nabavi, S. F., & Nabavi, S. M. (2017). Phytochemicals for human disease: An update on plant-derived compounds antibacterial activity. Microbiological Research, 196, 44–68. Bartsch, H., & Frank, N. (1996). Blocking the endogenous formation of N-nitroso compounds and related carcinogens. IARC Scientific Publications, 139, 189–201. Bateman, D. N., & Marrs, T. C. (2009). Antidotal Studies. In B. Ballantyne, T. C. Marrs, & T. Syversen (Eds.), General and Applied Toxicology. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Berger, A. (2000). Science commentary: Th1 and Th2 responses: what are they? BMJ, 321(7258), 424–424. Bermudez-Brito, M., Plaza-Díaz, J., Muñoz-Quezada, S., Gómez-Llorente, C., & Gil, A. (2012). Probiotic mechanisms of action. Annals of Nutrition & Metabolism, 61(2), 160–174. Betteridge, D. J. (2000). What is oxidative stress? Metabolism: Clinical and Experimental, 49(2 Suppl 1), 3–8. Bogden, J. D., Bendich, A., Kemp, F. W., Bruening, K. S., Shurnick, J. H., Denny, T., … Louria, D. B. (1994). Daily micronutrient supplements enhance delayed-hypersensitivity skin test responses in older people. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 60(3), 437–447. Britton, G. (1995). Structure and properties of carotenoids in relation to function. FASEB Journal: Official Publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology, 9(15), 1551–1558. Brodin, P., Jojic, V., Gao, T., Bhattacharya, S., Angel, C. J. L., Furman, D., … Davis, M. M. (2015). Variation in the human immune system is largely driven by non-heritable influences. Cell, 160(1–2), 37–47. Brown, K. M., Morrice, P. C., & Duthie, G. G. (1994). Vitamin E supplementation suppresses indexes of lipid peroxidation and platelet counts in blood of smokers and nonsmokers but plasma lipoprotein concentrations remain unchanged. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 60(3), 383–387. Cha, Y.-S., Yang, J.-A., Back, H.-I., Kim, S.-R., Kim, M.-G., Jung, S.-J., … Chae, S.-W. (2012). Visceral fat and body weight are reduced in overweight adults by the supplementation of Doenjang, a fermented soybean paste. Nutrition Research and Practice, 6(6), 520–526. Chandra, R. K. (1997). Nutrition and the immune system: an introduction. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 66(2), 460S–463S. Chen, B.-A., Jin, N., Wang, J., Ding, J., Gao, C., Cheng, J., … Wang, X. (2010). The effect of magnetic nanoparticles of Fe(3)O(4) on immune function in normal ICR mice. International Journal of Nanomedicine, 5, 593–599. Chiueh, C. C. (1999). Neuroprotective properties of nitric oxide. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 890, 301–311. Collado, M. C., Gueimonde, M., Hernández, M., Sanz, Y., & Salminen, S. (2005). Adhesion of selected Bifidobacterium strains to human intestinal mucus and the role of adhesion in enteropathogen exclusion. Journal of Food Protection, 68(12), 2672–2678. Condon, S. (1987). Responses of lactic acid bacteria to oxygen. FEMS Microbiology Letters, 46(3), 269–280. Daeschl, A. M. (1989). Antimicrobial substances from lactic acid bacteria for use as food preservatives. Food Technology, 43, 164. Daly, C., Sandine, W. E., & Elliker, P. R. (1972). Interactions of food starter cultures and food-borne pathogens: Streptococcus diacetilactis versus food-borne pathogens. Journal of Milk and Food Technology, 35(6), 349–357. de Jager, W., Bourcier, K., Rijkers, G. T., Prakken, B. J., & Seyfert-Margolis, V. (2009). Prerequisites for cytokine measurements in clinical trials with multiplex immunoassays. BMC Immunology, 10(1), 52. Deeth, H. C., & Tamime, A. Y. (1981). Yogurt: Nutritive and Therapeutic Aspects. Journal of Food Protection, 44(1), 78–86. DeVuyst, L. (Ed.). (1994). Bacteriocins of lactic acid bacteria: microbiology, genetics and applications (1. ed). London: Blackwell Acad. & Professional. Diefenbach, A. (2014). Natural Killer Cells. In Antibody Fc (pp. 75–93). Elsevier. Duan, W., Chan, J. H. P., Wong, C. H., Leung, B. P., & Wong, W. S. F. (2004). Anti-inflammatory effects of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase inhibitor U0126 in an asthma mouse model. The Journal of Immunology, 172(11), 7053–7059. Dusinska, M., Rundén-Pran, E., Carreira, S. C., & Saunders, M. (2012). Critical evaluation of toxicity tests. In Adverse Effects of Engineered Nanomaterials (pp. 63–83). Elsevier. Endrizzi, I., Pirretti, G., Calò, D. G., & Gasperi, F. (2009). A consumer study of fresh juices containing berry fruits. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 89(7), 1227–1235. Erlund, I., Koli, R., Alfthan, G., Marniemi, J., Puukka, P., Mustonen, P., … Jula, A. (2008). Favorable effects of berry consumption on platelet function, blood pressure, and HDL cholesterol. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 87(2), 323–331. European Union Reference Laboratory for Alternatives to Animal Testing. (2018, June 28). Repeated Dose Toxicity. Retrieved from https://eurl-ecvam.jrc.ec.europa.eu/validation-regulatory-acceptance/systemic-toxicity/repeated-dose-toxicity#1-ecvam-validated-test Ferrari, M., Fornasiero, M. C., & Isetta, A. M. (1990). MTT colorimetric assay for testing macrophage cytotoxic activity in vitro. Journal of Immunological Methods, 131(2), 165–172. Ferreira, M. A., & Lund, B. M. (1996). The effect of nisin on Listeria monocytogenes in culture medium and long-life cottage cheese. Letters in Applied Microbiology, 22(6), 433–438. Fong, T. A., & Mosmann, T. R. (1989). The role of IFN-gamma in delayed-type hypersensitivity mediated by Th1 clones. Journal of Immunology (Baltimore, Md.: 1950), 143(9), 2887–2893. Fotakis, G., & Timbrell, J. A. (2006). In vitro cytotoxicity assays: Comparison of LDH, neutral red, MTT and protein assay in hepatoma cell lines following exposure to cadmium chloride. Toxicology Letters, 160(2), 171–177. Gawai, K. M., & Prajapati, J. B. (2017). Safety aspects of fermented and probiotic foods. International Journal of Fermented Foods, 6(1), 45. Gibbons, S. (2005). Plants as a source of bacterial resistance modulators and anti-infective agents. Phytochemistry Reviews, 4(1), 63–78. Gómez-Llorente, C., Muñoz, S., & Gil, A. (2010). Role of Toll-like receptors in the development of immunotolerance mediated by probiotics. The Proceedings of the Nutrition Society, 69(3), 381–389. Gosselin, S., Ramaiah, L., & Earl, L. (2009). Clinical Chemistry in Toxicity Testing: Scope and Methods. In B. Ballantyne, T. C. Marrs, & T. Syversen (Eds.), General and Applied Toxicology. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Gowda, S., Desai, P. B., Hull, V. V., Math, A. A. K., Vernekar, S. N., & Kulkarni, S. S. (2009). A review on laboratory liver function tests. The Pan African Medical Journal, 3, 17. Granier, A., Goulet, O., & Hoarau, C. (2013). Fermentation products: immunological effects on human and animal models. Pediatric Research, 74(2), 238–244. Greaves, P. (2009). Pathological Techniques in Toxicology. In B. Ballantyne, T. C. Marrs, & T. Syversen (Eds.), General and Applied Toxicology. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Greenfield, H., & Southgate, D. A. T. (2003). Food composition data: production, management, and use. Rome: FAO. Halliwell, B., Clement, M. V., & Long, L. H. (2000). Hydrogen peroxide in the human body. FEBS Letters, 486(1), 10–13. Hamid, Q., & Tulic, M. (2009). Immunobiology of asthma. Annual Review of Physiology, 71(1), 489–507. Hansson, G. K. (2005). Inflammation, atherosclerosis, and coronary artery disease. New England Journal of Medicine, 352(16), 1685–1695. Herzyk, D. J., & Bussiere, J. L. (Eds.). (2008). Immunotoxicology strategies for pharmaceutical safety assessment. Hoboken, N.J: Wiley. Hill, C., Guarner, F., Reid, G., Gibson, G. R., Merenstein, D. J., Pot, B., … Sanders, M. E. (2014). The International Scientific Association for Probiotics and Prebiotics consensus statement on the scope and appropriate use of the term probiotic: Expert consensus document. Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology, 11(8), 506–514. Horrocks, R. D., & Vallentine, J. F. (1999). Forage quality. In Harvested Forages (pp. 17–47). Elsevier. Howarth, N. C., Saltzman, E., & Roberts, S. B. (2001). Dietary fiber and weight regulation. Nutrition Reviews, 59(5), 129–139. Huang, X.-J., Choi, Y.-K., Im, H.-S., Yarimaga, O., Yoon, E., & Kim, H.-S. (2006). Aspartate aminotransferase (AST/GOT) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT/GPT) detection techniques. Sensors, 6(7), 756–782. Indian Council of Medical Research Task Force, Co-ordinating Unit ICMR, & Co-ordinating Unit DBT. (2011). ICMR-DBT guidelines for evaluation of probiotics in food. The Indian Journal of Medical Research, 134, 22–25. Janeway, C. (Ed.). (2001). Immunobiology: the immune system in health and disease (5. ed). New York, NY: Garland Publ. Jeng, K. C., Yang, C. S., Siu, W. Y., Tsai, Y. S., Liao, W. J., & Kuo, J. S. (1996). Supplementation with vitamins C and E enhances cytokine production by peripheral blood mononuclear cells in healthy adults. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 64(6), 960–965. Jeon, J., Kim, Y., Kim, H., Kang, J. S., & Lee, W. J. (2015). Anti-inflammatory effect of alloferon on ovalbumin-induced asthma. Immune Network, 15(6), 304. Kaur, C., & Kapoor, H. C. (2008). Antioxidants in fruits and vegetables - the millennium’s health: Antioxidants in fruits and vegetables. International Journal of Food Science & Technology, 36(7), 703–725. Kim, E. K., An, S.-Y., Lee, M.-S., Kim, T. H., Lee, H.-K., Hwang, W. S., … Lee, K.-W. (2011). Fermented kimchi reduces body weight and improves metabolic parameters in overweight and obese patients. Nutrition Research, 31(6), 436–443. Kim, S. T., Kim, H. B., Lee, K. H., Choi, Y. R., Kim, H. J., Shin, I. S., … Joo, S. S. (2012). Steam-dried ginseng berry fermented with Lactobacillus plantarum controls the increase of blood glucose and body weight in type 2 obese diabetic db / db mice. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 60(21), 5438–5445. Ko, Y.-P., Kuipers, A., Freitag, C. M., Jongerius, I., Medina, E., van Rooijen, W. J., … Rooijakkers, S. H. M. (2013). Phagocytosis escape by a Staphylococcus aureus protein that connects complement and coagulation proteins at the bacterial surface. PLoS Pathogens, 9(12), e1003816. Kubena, K. S., & McMurray, D. N. (1996). Nutrition and the immune system: a review of nutrient-nutrient interactions. Journal of the American Dietetic Association, 96(11), 1156-1164; quiz 1165-1166. Lampe, J. W. (1999). Health effects of vegetables and fruit: assessing mechanisms of action in human experimental studies. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 70(3 Suppl), 475S–490S. Lampe, M. A., Burlingame, A. L., Whitney, J., Williams, M. L., Brown, B. E., Roitman, E., & Elias, P. M. (1983). Human stratum corneum lipids: characterization and regional variations. Journal of Lipid Research, 24(2), 120–130. Lara-Villoslada, F., Sierra, S., Martín, R., Delgado, S., Rodríguez, J. M., Olivares, M., & Xaus, J. (2007). Safety assessment of two probiotic strains, Lactobacillus coryniformis CECT5711 and Lactobacillus gasseri CECT5714. Journal of Applied Microbiology, 103(1), 175–184. Liao, W., Lin, J.-X., & Leonard, W. J. (2011). IL-2 family cytokines: new insights into the complex roles of IL-2 as a broad regulator of T helper cell differentiation. Current Opinion in Immunology, 23(5), 598–604. Liu, R. H. (2003). Health benefits of fruit and vegetables are from additive and synergistic combinations of phytochemicals. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 78(3), 517S–520S. Luster, M. I., Pait, D. G., Portier, C., Rosenthal, G. J., Germolec, D. R., Comment, C. E., … Pollock, P. (1992). Qualitative and quantitative experimental models to aid in risk assessment for immunotoxicology. Toxicology Letters, 64–65 Spec No, 71–78. Mandigers, J. (1994). Reduction of bacteriuria and pyuria using cranberry juice. The Journal of the American Medical Association, 272(8), 590. Mann, E. R. (2014). Review: Skin and the Immune System. Journal of Clinical & Experimental Dermatology Research, 4(3). Marrs, T. C., & Warren, S. (2009). Haematology and Toxicology. In B. Ballantyne, T. C. Marrs, & T. Syversen (Eds.), General and Applied Toxicology. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Martini, M. C., Kukielka, D., & Savaiano, D. A. (1991). Lactose digestion from yogurt: influence of a meal and additional lactose. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 53(5), 1253–1258. McAuliffe, O., Ryan, M. P., Ross, R. P., Hill, C., Breeuwer, P., & Abee, T. (1998). Lacticin 3147, a broad-spectrum bacteriocin which selectively dissipates the membrane potential. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 64(2), 439–445. McBride, J. A., & Striker, R. (2017). Imbalance in the game of T cells: What can the CD4/CD8 T-cell ratio tell us about HIV and health? PLOS Pathogens, 13(11), e1006624. Ménard, S., Candalh, C., Ben Ahmed, M., Rakotobe, S., Gaboriau-Routhiau, V., Cerf-Bensussan, N., & Heyman, M. (2006). Stimulation of immunity without alteration of oral tolerance in mice fed with heat-treated fermented infant formula. Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, 43(4), 451–458. Meydani, S. N., & Ha, W. K. (2000). Immunologic effects of yogurt. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 71(4), 861–872. Michael, B., Yano, B., Sellers, R. S., Perry, R., Morton, D., Roome, N., … Schafer, K. (2007). Evaluation of organ weights for rodent and non-rodent toxicity studies: a review of regulatory guidelines and a survey of current practices. Toxicologic Pathology, 35(5), 742–750. Moe, S. M., & Chen, N. X. (2008). Mechanisms of vascular calcification in chronic kidney disease. Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, 19(2), 213–216. Molnár, P., Kawase, M., Satoh, K., Sohara, Y., Tanaka, T., Tani, S., … Molnár, J. (2005). Biological activity of carotenoids in red paprika, Valencia orange and Golden delicious apple. Phytotherapy Research: PTR, 19(8), 700–707. Mortelmans, K., & Rupa, D. S. (2004). Current issues in genetic toxicology testing for microbiologists. In Advances in Applied Microbiology, 56, 379-401. Mortelmans, K., & Zeiger, E. (2000). The Ames Salmonella/microsome mutagenicity assay. Mutation Research/Fundamental and Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis, 455(1–2), 29–60. Mosmann, T. (1983). Rapid colorimetric assay for cellular growth and survival: Application to proliferation and cytotoxicity assays. Journal of Immunological Methods, 65(1–2), 55–63. Mosmann, T. R., & Coffman, R. L. (1989). TH1 and TH2 cells: different patterns of lymphokine secretion lead to different functional properties. Annual Review of Immunology, 7, 145–173. Motarjemi, Y., & Nout, M. J. (1996). Food fermentation: a safety and nutritional assessment. Joint FAO/WHO Workshop on Assessment of Fermentation as a Household Technology for Improving Food Safety. Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 74(6), 553–559. Murphy, K., Travers, P., Walport, M., & Janeway, C. (2012). Janeway’s immunobiology (8th ed). New York: Garland Science. Ngoc, P. L., Ngoc, L. P., Gold, D. R., Tzianabos, A. O., Weiss, S. T., & Celedón, J. C. (2005). Cytokines, allergy, and asthma. Current Opinion in Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 5(2), 161–166. Nout, M. J. R. (1993). Processed weaning foods for tropical climates. International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition, 43(4), 213–221. Nout, M. J. R. (1994). Fermented foods and food safety. Food Research International, 27(3), 291–298. OECD. (1997). Test no. 471: bacterial reverse mutation test. Paris: OECD Publishing. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/9789264071254-fr OECD. (2008). Test No. 407: Repeated Dose 28-day Oral Toxicity Study in Rodents. OECD. https://doi.org/10.1787/9789264070684-en OECD. (2016). Test No. 473: In Vitro Mammalian Chromosomal Aberration Test. OECD. https://doi.org/10.1787/9789264264649-en Ohland, C. L., & Macnaughton, W. K. (2010). Probiotic bacteria and intestinal epithelial barrier function. American Journal of Physiology. Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology, 298(6), G807-819. Olson, H., Betton, G., Robinson, D., Thomas, K., Monro, A., Kolaja, G., … Heller, A. (2000). Concordance of the toxicity of pharmaceuticals in humans and in animals. Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology: RTP, 32(1), 56–67. Ouwehand, A. C., Salminen, S., Tolkko, S., Roberts, P., Ovaska, J., & Salminen, E. (2002). Resected human colonic tissue: new model for characterizing adhesion of lactic acid bacteria. Clinical and Vaccine Immunology, 9(1), 184–186. Park, S.-Y., Kim, H.-B., Kim, J.-H., Lee, J.-M., Kim, S.-R., Shin, H.-S., & Yi, T.-H. (2014). Immunostimulatory effect of fermented red ginseng in the mouse model. Preventive Nutrition and Food Science, 19(1), 10–18. Parvez, S., Malik, K. A., Ah Kang, S., & Kim, H.-Y. (2006). Probiotics and their fermented food products are beneficial for health. Journal of Applied Microbiology, 100(6), 1171–1185. Pereira, M. A., & Ludwig, D. S. (2001). Dietary fiber and body-weight regulation. Observations and mechanisms. Pediatric Clinics of North America, 48(4), 969–980. Phaniendra, A., Jestadi, D. B., & Periyasamy, L. (2015). Free radicals: properties, sources, targets, and their implication in various diseases. Indian Journal of Clinical Biochemistry, 30(1), 11–26. Procházková, D., Boušová, I., & Wilhelmová, N. (2011). Antioxidant and prooxidant properties of flavonoids. Fitoterapia, 82(4), 513–523. Ray, B., & Daeschel, M. (Eds.). (1992). Food biopreservatives of microbial origin. Boca Raton: CRC Press. Rice-Evans, C., & Miller, N. J. (1994). Total antioxidant status in plasma and body fluids. Methods in Enzymology, 234, 279–293. Rock, C. L., Jacob, R. A., & Bowen, P. E. (1996). Update on the biological characteristics of the antioxidant micronutrients. Journal of the American Dietetic Association, 96(7), 693–702. Ross, R. P., Morgan, S., & Hill, C. (2002). Preservation and fermentation: past, present and future. International Journal of Food Microbiology, 79(1–2), 3–16. Rubab, I., Routray, I., Mahmood, A., Bashir, S., Shinkafi, T. S., Khan, F., & Ali, S. (2013). Mineral pitch stimulates humoral, cellular and innate immune responses in mice. Pharmaceutical Biology, 51(8), 997–1007. Ryan, M. P., Rea, M. C., Hill, C., & Ross, R. P. (1996). An application in cheddar cheese manufacture for a strain of Lactococcus lactis producing a novel broad-spectrum bacteriocin, lacticin 3147. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 62(2), 612–619. Sablé-Amplis, R., Sicart, R., & Agid, R. (1983). Further studies on the cholesterol-lowering effect of apple in human. Biochemical mechanisms involved. Nutrition Research, 3(3), 325–328. Sands, J., & Werander, J. (2005). Anatomy and physiology of the kidneys. In J. Tarloff & L. Lash (Eds.), Toxicology of the Kidney (pp. 3–56). London: CRC Press. Santos, M. S., Meydani, S. N., Leka, L., Wu, D., Fotouhi, N., Meydani, M., … Gaziano, J. M. (1996). Natural killer cell activity in elderly men is enhanced by beta-carotene supplementation. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 64(5), 772–777. Serfilippi, L. M., Pallman, D. R. S., & Russell, B. (2003). Serum clinical chemistry and hematology reference values in outbred stocks of albino mice from three commonly used vendors and two inbred strains of albino mice. Contemporary Topics in Laboratory Animal Science, 42(3), 46–52. Singh, R. B., Rastogi, S. S., Singh, R., Ghosh, S., & Niaz, M. A. (1992). Effects of guava intake on serum total and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels and on systemic blood pressure. The American Journal of Cardiology, 70(15), 1287–1291. Slavin, J. L., & Lloyd, B. (2012). Health benefits of fruits and vegetables. Advances in Nutrition, 3(4), 506–516. Spiering, M. J. (2015). Primer on the immune system. Alcohol Research: Current Reviews, 37(2), 171–175. Stampfer, M. J., Hennekens, C. H., Manson, J. E., Colditz, G. A., Rosner, B., & Willett, W. C. (1993). Vitamin E consumption and the risk of coronary disease in women. The New England Journal of Medicine, 328(20), 1444–1449. Steinmetz, K. A., & Potter, J. D. (1996). Vegetables, fruit, and cancer prevention: a review. Journal of the American Dietetic Association, 96(10), 1027–1039. Svanberg, U., & Lorri, W. (1997). Fermentation and nutrient availability. Food Control, 8(5–6), 319–327. Swain, M. R., Anandharaj, M., Ray, R. C., & Parveen Rani, R. (2014). Fermented fruits and vegetables of Asia: a potential source of probiotics. Biotechnology Research International, 2014, 1–19. Taconic BioSciences. (2018, July 8). Immunology: Ovalbumin (OVA) Challenge. Retrieved from https://www.taconic.com/find-your-model/gems/cryopreserved-models/knockout-repository/phenotypic-data-packages/comprehensive/ovalbumin-challenge.html Takabatake, T. (1988). Low serum creatinine levels in severe hepatic disease. Archives of Internal Medicine, 148(6), 1313. Takeda, K. (2004). Toll-like receptors in innate immunity. International Immunology, 17(1), 1–14. Tao, N., Gao, Y., Liu, Y., & Ge, F. (2010). Carotenoids from the peel of Shatian pummelo (Citrus grandis Osbeck) and its antimicrobial activity. Am. Eurasian J. Agric. Environ. Sci, 7, 110–115. Temple, N. J. (2000). Antioxidants and disease: More questions than answers. Nutrition Research, 20(3), 449–459. Tinker, L. F., Schneeman, B. O., Davis, P. A., Gallaher, D. D., & Waggoner, C. R. (1991). Consumption of prunes as a source of dietary fiber in men with mild hypercholesterolemia. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 53(5), 1259–1265. Tomar, N., & De, R. K. (2014). A brief uutline of the immune system. In R. K. De & N. Tomar (Eds.), Immunoinformatics (Vol. 1184, pp. 3–12). New York, NY: Springer New York. Umegaki, K., Ikegami, S., Inoue, K., Ichikawa, T., Kobayashi, S., Soeno, N., & Tomabechi, K. (1994). Beta-carotene prevents x-ray induction of micronuclei in human lymphocytes. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 59(2), 409–412. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. (2018, March 1). How to Understand and Use the Nutrition Facts Label. Retrieved from https://www.fda.gov/food/labelingnutrition/ucm274593.htm#see6 van de Loosdrecht, A. A., Beelen, R. H. J., Ossenkoppele, G. J., Broekhoven, M. G., & Langenhuijsen, M. M. A. C. (1994). A tetrazolium-based colorimetric MTT assay to quantitate human monocyte mediated cytotoxicity against leukemic cells from cell lines and patients with acute myeloid leukemia. Journal of Immunological Methods, 174(1–2), 311–320. Van Tassell, M. L., & Miller, M. J. (2011). Lactobacillus adhesion to mucus. Nutrients, 3(12), 613–636. Vandeputte, O. M., Kiendrebeogo, M., Rasamiravaka, T., Stévigny, C., Duez, P., Rajaonson, S., … El Jaziri, M. (2011). The flavanone naringenin reduces the production of quorum sensing-controlled virulence factors in Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1. Microbiology (Reading, England), 157(Pt 7), 2120–2132. Vikram, A., Jesudhasan, P. R., Jayaprakasha, G. K., Pillai, S. D., Jayaraman, A., & Patil, B. S. (2011). Citrus flavonoid represses Salmonella pathogenicity island 1 and motility in S. typhimurium LT2. International Journal of Food Microbiology, 145(1), 28–36. Vinderola, G., Matar, C., Palacios, J., & Perdigón, G. (2007). Mucosal immunomodulation by the non-bacterial fraction of milk fermented by Lactobacillus helveticus R389. International Journal of Food Microbiology, 115(2), 180–186. Vinderola, G., Matar, C., & Perdigón, G. (2007). Milk fermented by Lactobacillus helveticus R389 and its non-bacterial fraction confer enhanced protection against Salmonella enteritidis serovar Typhimurium infection in mice. Immunobiology, 212(2), 107–118. Vinderola, G., Perdigón, G., Duarte, J., Farnworth, E., & Matar, C. (2006). Effects of the oral administration of the exopolysaccharide produced by Lactobacillus kefiranofaciens on the gut mucosal immunity. Cytokine, 36(5–6), 254–260. Vos, J. G., & Van Loveren, H. (1995). Markers for immunotoxic effects in rodents and man. Toxicology Letters, 82–83, 385–394. Wanders, A. J., van den Borne, J. J. G. C., de Graaf, C., Hulshof, T., Jonathan, M. C., Kristensen, M., … Feskens, E. J. M. (2011). Effects of dietary fibre on subjective appetite, energy intake and body weight: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Obesity Reviews: An Official Journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity, 12(9), 724–739. Wang, H., Cao, G., & Prior, R. L. (1996). Total antioxidant capacity of fruits. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 44(3), 701–705. Wang, Y.-Y. D., & Fields, M. L. (1978). Feasibility of home fermentation to improve the amino acid balance of corn meal. Journal of Food Science, 43(4), 1104–1104. Wang-Fischer, Y. (Ed.). (2009). Manual of stroke models in rats. Boca Raton: CRC Press. Wasserman, D. H. (2009). Four grams of glucose. American Journal of Physiology. Endocrinology and Metabolism, 296(1), E11-21. Willett, W. (1994). Diet and health: what should we eat? Science, 264(5158), 532–537. Willett, W. C. (1995). Diet, nutrition, and avoidable cancer. Environmental Health Perspectives, 103 Suppl 8, 165–170. Xu, G. P., Song, P. J., & Reed, P. I. (1993). Effects of fruit juices, processed vegetable juice, orange peel and green tea on endogenous formation of N-nitrosoproline in subjects from a high-risk area for gastric cancer in Moping County, China. European Journal of Cancer Prevention: The Official Journal of the European Cancer Prevention Organisation (ECP), 2(4), 327–335. Yanai, H., Adachi, H., Katsuyama, H., Moriyama, S., Hamasaki, H., & Sako, A. (2015). Causative anti-diabetic drugs and the underlying clinical factors for hypoglycemia in patients with diabetes. World Journal of Diabetes, 6(1), 30–36. Zhang, J.-M., & An, J. (2007). Cytokines, Inflammation, and Pain: International Anesthesiology Clinics, 45(2), 27–37. | |
dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/78920 | - |
dc.description.abstract | Fruits have been widely considered as the “default health foods” as they contain numerous vitamins and minerals needed to sustain human health. To fully enhance their nutritive and flavor features while prolonging their shelf lives, fermentation strategies have been utilized to prepare healthy yet readily consumable fruit products. In this study, the safety and immunomodulatory effects of a fermented fruit drink, known as the Jin Yes Fruit Enzyme, are being investigated. Safety assessment experiments performed on the Jin Yes enzyme showed that it is non-mutagenic to 5 strains of Salmonella typhimurium, non-cytotoxic and is unable to induce chromosome aberrations in Chinese Hamster Ovary K1 (CHO-K1) cells, as well as non-toxic in male ICR mice compared to the water-fed control group after 28 days of feeding. Moreover, it has been shown that feeding with the Jin Yes enzyme can reduce the amount of calorie intake, thus resulting to a lesser amount of weight gain in mice compared to the water-fed mice. To further investigate the immunomodulatory properties of the Jin Yes fruit enzyme, in vivo non-specific and ovalbumin (OVA)-specific immune response experiments using female BALB/c mice were performed. In a non-immunized mouse model, the results showed that the Jin Yes enzyme enhanced phagocytosis and T cell proliferation but had no effect on B cell proliferation and IgG production. Analysis of cytokine secretion profile also revealed that the Jin Yes enzyme increased the production of inflammatory cytokines, thus creating an immunostimulatory effect. On the other hand, in an OVA-immunized mouse model, results showed that the Jin Yes enzyme caused a decrease in the production of anti-OVA IgG1, which was accompanied by a decrease in IL-4 and in increase in IFN-γ production. Moreover, the Jin Yes enzyme was also found to decrease the production of IL-5, IL-6, and TNF-α in OVA-immunized mice, indicating that it may have the potential to reduce inflammation caused by OVA immunization. Therefore, these results collectively indicate that the Jin Yes enzyme is safe for human consumption and has the potential to modulate immune responses both in a non-specific and specific manner. | en |
dc.description.provenance | Made available in DSpace on 2021-07-11T15:29:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ntu-107-R05642012-1.pdf: 2390082 bytes, checksum: 552630aa0544b4e527b68f23a9f34fe2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018 | en |
dc.description.tableofcontents | TABLE OF CONTENTS
口試委員會審定書……………………………………....i ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS……………………………ii ABSTRACT……………………………………….…...iii INTRODUCTION ……………………………………………………...1 CHAPTER 1 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE……………….…….3 1.1 Health benefits of fruit consumption…………...3 1.1.1 Fruits as sources of antioxidants……………………3 1.1.2 Fruits as stimulators of the immune system…...7 1.1.3 Hypercholesteremic effect of fruits…………...9 1.1.4 Antibacterial properties of fruits…………..………10 1.2 Health benefits of consumption of fermented fruits and its related products……..11 1.2.1 Fermentation: history and process……...……12 1.2.2 Safety of fermented food products…………………...15 1.2.3 Fermenting foods: positive implications on human health……………..16 1.2.3.1 Fermenting foods increases nutrient synthesis and bioavailability……………………….17 1.2.3.2 Fermenting foods helps in the elimination of pathogenic microflora……………………..18 1.2.3.3 Fermenting foods increases their immunomodulating properties…………………..…….20 CHAPTER 2 MATERIALS AND METHODS…………...22 2.1 Assessment of the safety of the Jin Yes fermented fruit enzyme drink……………………………....22 2.1.1 Proximate analysis of the Jin Yes fruit enzyme………….22 2.1.2 MTT cytotoxicity assay………………………...22 2.1.2.1 Preparation of Jin Yes fruit enzyme and control samples………………………………...22 2.1.2.2 MTT assay………………………………………………………………………………...22 2.1.2.3 Statistical analysis……………………………………...23 2.1.3 In vitro mammalian chromosome aberration test………………23 2.1.3.1 Preparation of Jin Yes fruit enzyme and control samples………...........…23 2.1.3.2 Chromosome aberration test………………………………………………………………24 2.1.3.3 Statistical analysis………………………………………………………………………...25 2.1.4 Bacterial reverse mutation test (Ames test)……………….25 2.1.4.1 Bacterial strains…………………………………………………………………………...25 2.1.4.2 Preparation of Jin Yes fruit enzyme and control samples………………………………….25 2.1.4.3 Plate incorporation method…………………………..26 2.1.4.4 Statistical analysis ………………………………………………………………………..26 2.1.5 28-day repeated dose oral toxicity study……………………….26 2.1.5.1 Animal care and Jin Yes administration………………..26 2.1.5.2 Jin Yes enzyme dosing…………………………………………………………………….27 2.1.5.3 Whole blood analysis……………………………………………………………………...27 2.1.5.4 Blood chemistry analysis………………………………………………………………….27 2.1.5.5 Histopathological analysis………………………………...28 2.1.5.6 Statistical analysis………………………………………………………………………...28 2.2 Assessment of the non-specific immunomodulatory effects of the Jin Yes fermented fruit enzyme drink………………………….28 2.2.1 Animal care and Jin Yes administration………………..28 2.2.2 Jin Yes enzyme dosing………………………………………………………………………………29 2.2.3 Phagocytosis assay…………………………………………………………………………………..29 2.2.4 Splenocyte preparation and culture………………………………..29 2.2.5 Splenocyte proliferation assay…………………………………….30 2.2.6 Serum IgG measurement…………………………………………………………………………….30 2.2.7 Cytokine production measurement………………………..31 2.2.8 Lymphocyte subset immunophenotyping………………………………31 2.2.9 Statistical analysis……………………………………………………………………………………31 2.3 Assessment of the ovalbumin-specific immunomodulatory effects of the Jin Yes fermented fruit enzyme drink………………32 2.3.1 Animal care, Jin Yes administration, and ovalbumin immunization………………………………..32 2.3.2 Splenocyte preparation and culture……………….32 2.3.3 Splenocyte proliferation assay………………………………….32 2.3.4 Cytokine production measurement…………………..33 2.3.5 Serum OVA-specific IgG1 measurement………………33 2.3.6 Serum OVA-specific IgG2a measurement……………………..33 2.3.7 Statistical analysis……………………………………………………………………………………34 CHAPTER 3 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION…………………………………………………………..35 3.1 Assessment of the safety of the Jin Yes fermented fruit enzyme drink………………………………35 3.1.1 Proximate analysis of the Jin Yes fruit enzyme………………35 3.1.2 MTT cytotoxicity assay………………………...37 3.1.3 In vitro mammalian chromosome aberration test………………39 3.1.4 Bacterial reverse mutation test (Ames test)………………..42 3.1.5 28-day repeated dose oral toxicity study………………..45 3.2 Assessment of the non-specific immunomodulatory effects of the Jin Yes fermented fruit enzyme drink……………….59 3.2.1 Effect of Jin Yes enzyme intake on body weight and feed consumption in mice…………………...60 3.2.2 Effect of Jin Yes enzyme intake on phagocytic activity……..61 3.2.3 Effect of Jin Yes enzyme intake on splenocyte proliferation………………………………………..63 3.2.4 Effect of Jin Yes enzyme intake on the production of IgG………………………………….……….65 3.2.5 Effect of Jin Yes enzyme intake on the ex vivo production of cytokines…………………….……...66 3.2.6 Effect of Jin Yes enzyme intake on normalized organ weights and CD4/CD8 ratio………………..71 3.3 Assessment of the ovalbumin-specific immunomodulatory effects of the Jin Yes fermented fruit enzyme drink………………………………………………………………………………………………74 3.3.1 Effect of Jin Yes enzyme intake on normalized organ weights in OVA-immunized mice………….75 3.3.2 Effect of Jin Yes enzyme intake on splenocyte proliferation in OVA-immunized mice……………76 3.3.3 Effect of Jin Yes enzyme intake on OVA-specific IgG1 and IgG2a production in OVA-immunized mice………………………………………………………………………………………………………..77 3.3.4 Effect of Jin Yes enzyme intake on cytokine production in OVA-immunized mice………………..77 CONCLUSIONS……………………………………………………………………………………….... 83 APPENDIX 1: Types of aberrations observed for CHO-K1 cells treated with Jin Yes enzyme for 3 hours with S9 activation………………………………………………………………………………………….85 APPENDIX 2: Types of aberrations observed for CHO-K1 cells treated with Jin Yes enzyme for 3 hours without S9 activation………………………………………………………………………………………86 APPENDIX 3: Types of aberrations observed for CHO-K1 cells treated with Jin Yes enzyme for 20 hours without S9 activation………………………………………………………………………………………87 APPENDIX 4: Hematologic parameters with reference values of water and Jin Yes treated mice after 28 days of feeding……………………………………………………………………………………………..88 APPENDIX 5: Blood chemistry profile with reference values of water and Jin Yes treated mice after 28 days of feeding……………………………………………………………………………………………..89 APPENDIX 6: Electrolyte profile with reference values of water and Jin Yes treated mice after 28 days of feeding……………………………………………………………………………………………………..90 REFERENCES…………………………………………………………………………………………...91 | |
dc.language.iso | en | |
dc.title | 水果發酵液之安全性與免疫調節功能評估 | zh_TW |
dc.title | Assessment of the Safety and Immunomodulatory Effects of a
Fermented Fruit Drink | en |
dc.type | Thesis | |
dc.date.schoolyear | 106-2 | |
dc.description.degree | 碩士 | |
dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 蔡孟勳,彭及忠,謝建元 | |
dc.subject.keyword | 水果發酵液,安全性,免疫調節, | zh_TW |
dc.subject.keyword | fruit fermentation,health drink,safety,immunomodulation,anti-inflammatory, | en |
dc.relation.page | 104 | |
dc.identifier.doi | 10.6342/NTU201803874 | |
dc.rights.note | 有償授權 | |
dc.date.accepted | 2018-08-17 | |
dc.contributor.author-college | 生物資源暨農學院 | zh_TW |
dc.contributor.author-dept | 生物科技研究所 | zh_TW |
dc.date.embargo-lift | 2023-08-21 | - |
顯示於系所單位: | 生物科技研究所 |
文件中的檔案:
檔案 | 大小 | 格式 | |
---|---|---|---|
ntu-107-R05642012-1.pdf 目前未授權公開取用 | 2.33 MB | Adobe PDF |
系統中的文件,除了特別指名其著作權條款之外,均受到著作權保護,並且保留所有的權利。