基於物聯網之電力品質監測平台的開發

Abstract

近年來，隨著高科技產業蓬勃發展，越來越多精密儀器被使用在生產線上，而這些儀器對於電力的敏感度也較高，稍微不良的電力品質即可能造成運作停止，使得供電環境要求比以往要來的嚴格許多。電力品質包含了電力系統中的電壓穩定度，輸出電流波形及頻率的正常性程度。而電力品質的優劣亦會影響到這些精密設備的耗電率及壽命，因此電力公司提供給用戶端的電力品質就顯得十分重要。有別於過去人們經常要攜帶大型感測儀器到設備現場才能對設備進行量測，以得到設備資訊。本論文提出一個主要針對短時間內的電壓變動以及異常波電壓事件進行辨識與偵測的即時電力品質監測系統，透過物聯網技術，架設可量測設備電力品質之感測節點，經由感測器量測電力設備輸出電壓及電流波形，再將量測訊號進行快速傅立葉分析以及離散小波轉換，與市售儀器之量測結果做一比較。另外，經由事件門檻值的設定，當量測設備偵測到不良之電力品質事件後，將透過閘道器將事件做初步分類，再將訊息轉傳至網路上再發出警報，以便做設備的維護及事件紀錄。

In recent years, with the rapid development of high-tech industries, more and more precision instruments are used in the production line, and these instruments are also more sensitive to electricity. Slightly poor power quality may cause the operation to stop. Therefore, the environmental requirements for power supply are much stricter than ever. Power quality issues may include the stability of the voltage, and the normality of the output current waveform and frequency in the power system. The quality of power quality will also affect the power consumption and life of these precision equipment. Therefore, the power quality provided by a power company to the customer is very important. In the past, people often had to carry large-scale sensing instruments to the site to obtain the information of a power generation device, which was very inconvenient. This study therefore proposes a real-time power quality monitoring system that identifies and detects short-term voltage fluctuations and irregular harmonic voltage events. Using the Internet of Things technology, a sensing node capable of measuring the power quality is developed, and the output voltage and current waveform of the power generation device are measured by the sensor. The measuring signal is subjected to the Fast Fourier analysis and discrete wavelet transform. Finally, the analysis results are compared with the measurements of commercially available instruments. In addition, after the proposed sensor detects a bad power quality event, the event will be classified by a gateway, and then the message will be transmitted to the network and then an alarm will be issued, so users can easily maintain power equipment and record the events.