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http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/77751完整後設資料紀錄
| DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
|---|---|---|
| dc.contributor.advisor | 吳章甫(Cheng-Fu Wu) | |
| dc.contributor.author | Yu-Rui Chen | en |
| dc.contributor.author | 陳禹叡 | zh_TW |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2021-07-10T22:19:40Z | - |
| dc.date.available | 2021-07-10T22:19:40Z | - |
| dc.date.copyright | 2021-02-25 | |
| dc.date.issued | 2020 | |
| dc.date.submitted | 2020-09-22 | |
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| dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/77751 | - |
| dc.description.abstract | 臭氧以及過氧醯基硝酸酯 (Peroxyacetyl nitrate, PAN) 等二次污染物是近年備受關注的議題，都市大氣中的揮發性有機化合物 (Volatile organic compounds, VOCs) 是形成臭氧以及二次有機氣溶膠 (Secondary organic aerosol, SOA) 的關鍵前體，且本身也被認為是有害空氣污染物 (Hazardous air pollutants, HAPs)。探討VOCs垂直變異的研究目前仍相當稀少，且結果也不一致。因此為了探討都市中VOCs (1) 潛在來源及其垂直分佈；以及基於正矩陣因子分解 (Positive matrix factorization, PMF) 所估算的特定來源之 (2) 二次污染物形成潛勢 (3) 吸入性風險優先排序，本研究於2019年11月21日至2020年6月18日在台北市一棟緊鄰交通要道建築物的3個樓層進行VOCs的長期採樣，三個樓層的高度分別為6公尺 (低樓層)、24公尺 (中樓層) 以及44公尺 (高樓層)。採樣介質為填充Carbopack X吸附劑的熱脫附管，透過串聯Nafion乾燥管以避免水蒸氣的干擾，並使用全自動熱脫附氣相層析儀/火焰離子化偵測器 (ATD/GC-FID) 進行9種VOCs的定量。 分析結果顯示苯是監測地點最豐富的物種 (32%)，其次是甲苯 (28%)，總VOCs在中樓層有最高的平均濃度 (74.10 µg/m3)，其次分別是低樓層 (69.06 µg/m3) 以及高樓層 (69.00 µg/m3)，Wilcoxon符號等級檢定得知中樓層以及高樓層之間有顯著差別。透過PMF鑑別出三個主要來源，其分別為因子1：溶劑塗料使用 (28%)、因子2：交通排放 (46%) 以及因子3：與交通相關的老化氣團 (25%)，因子1的貢獻隨著高度增加而減少，因子2以及因子3則是在中樓層有最高的貢獻，且這兩個來源對於中樓層以及高樓層的貢獻有顯著差別，推測這可能是造成總VOCs濃度在樓層間顯著變異的主因。臭氧形成潛勢 (Ozone formation potential, OFP) 的結果表明因子1對於OFP有最大的貢獻 (52%)，而二次有機氣溶膠潛勢 (Secondary organic aerosol potential, SOAP) 的結果表明3個來源間的SOAP差異不大，但是冬季的SOAP顯著大於其他季節。在風險優先排序的方面，中樓層以及交通排放具有較高的風險。本研究顯示台北都會中VOCs的來源及其垂直變異的情形，而OFP、SOAP以及風險優先排序的結果有助於二次污染物管制政策的擬定進而保障國民的健康。 | zh_TW |
| dc.description.abstract | Ozone, peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN) and other secondary pollutants have received considerable attention in recent years. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are the key precursors for the formation of ozone and secondary organic aerosols (SOA) in urban atmosphere, and they are also considered hazardous air pollutants (HAPs). Currently, only few studies focus on the vertical variability of VOCs, and their results are not consistent. In order to explore (1) VOCs potential sources and their vertically distributed; (2) secondary pollutants formation potential as well as (3) the inhalation risk prioritization of the specific sources estimated based on positive matrix factorization (PMF) of the VOCs in urban atmosphere, this study conducted long-term VOCs sampling at three different balconies in a high-rise building near a major traffic road in Taipei Metropolis from November 21, 2019 to June 18, 2020. The heights of the three floors were 6 meters (low-level), 24 meters (mid-level), and 44 meters (high-level). Thermal desorption tubes were used to collect VOCs samples on Carbopack X adsorbents, and a Nafion dryer tube was connected to avoid the interference of water vapor. Meanwhile, an automatic thermal desorption system equipped with a gas chromatography flame ionization detector (ATD/GC-FID) was used to quantify 9 selected compounds of VOCs. The analysis results showed that benzene was the most abundant species at the monitoring site (32%), followed by toluene (28%). The highest average mass concentration of the total VOCs appeared at the mid-level site (74.10 µg/m3), followed by the low-level sites (69.06 µg/m3) and the high-level site (69.00 µg/m3). Wilcoxon signed-rank test revealed that there was a significant difference between the mid-level and high-level sites. Three major sources were identified by PMF, which included factor 1: solvent-use (28%), factor 2: traffic emission (46%), and factor 3: traffic-related aged air (25%). The contribution of factor 1 decreased as the height increased, while factor 2 and factor 3 contributed the most at mid-level site. The contribution of these two sources differed significantly between mid-level and high-level sites. It was speculated that this might be the main cause of the significant difference toward the mass concentration of total VOCs between varied level sites. Ozone formation potential (OFP) results indicated that factor 1 was the largest contributor to OFP (52%), while secondary organic aerosol potential (SOAP) results showed that the SOAP had little difference among the three sources, however, the SOAP in winter was significantly greater than that other seasons. In terms of inhalation risk prioritization, the mid-level site and traffic emission had higher risks. This study showed the potential sources of VOCs and their vertical variability in Taipei Metropolis. The results of OFP, SOAP, and inhalation risk prioritization are helpful for formulating secondary pollutant control strategies to protect the public’s health. | en |
| dc.description.provenance | Made available in DSpace on 2021-07-10T22:19:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 U0001-1709202011512300.pdf: 3241353 bytes, checksum: 5fdc254979edc85b9ad2c896851c8c51 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2020 | en |
| dc.description.tableofcontents | 摘要 i Abstract iii 目錄 vi 表目錄 ix 圖目錄 x 公式目錄 xi 第壹章、前言 1 1.1、研究背景 1 1.2、研究目標 4 1.3、研究架構 6 第貳章、研究方法 7 2.1、採樣規劃 7 2.1.1採樣地點 7 2.1.2目標物種 7 2.1.3採樣方法 8 2.1.4監測時間 10 3.1.5分析方法 10 2.2、品保品管 11 2.2.1採樣 11 2.2.2分析 11 2.2.3破出體積測試 11 2.3、模式使用 13 2.4、因素分析 13 2.4.1因素分析原理 13 2.4.2 資料前處理 14 2.4.3 因素分析適確性及因素數量選擇 14 2.5、正矩陣因子分解 16 2.5.1正矩陣因子分解原理 16 2.5.2 資料前處理 17 2.5.3 資料品質確定 17 2.5.4 因子數量選擇 18 2.5.5 圖譜解釋 18 2.6、風險優先排序 19 第參章、結果與討論 21 3.1、描述性統計 21 3.1.1 VOCs採樣分析結果 21 3.1.2 VOCs濃度垂直變異 23 3.1.3 VOCs濃度時序性差異 24 3.1.4 BTEX相關性以及診斷比 25 3.2、因素分析 26 3.3、正矩陣因子分解 27 3.4、VOCs來源貢獻之季節以及樓層變異 29 3.5、臭氧形成潛勢 32 3.6、SOA形成潛勢 34 3.7、風險優先排序 36 3.7.1不同樓層間的VOCs吸入性風險優先排序 36 3.7.2不同來源間的VOCs吸入性風險優先排序 37 3.8、研究限制 37 第肆章、結論與建議 39 第伍章、參考文獻 71 | |
| dc.language.iso | zh-TW | |
| dc.subject | 二次有機氣溶膠潛勢 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 風險優先排序 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 受體模式 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 正矩陣因子分解 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 臭氧形成潛勢 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | Ozone formation potential | en |
| dc.subject | Risk prioritization | en |
| dc.subject | Secondary organic aerosol potential | en |
| dc.subject | Positive matrix factorization | en |
| dc.subject | Receptor model | en |
| dc.title | 台北都會區特定揮發性有機化合物污染來源解析及其垂直分布 | zh_TW |
| dc.title | Source Apportionment of Selected Volatile Organic Compounds with Vertical Distribution Measurements in Taipei Metropolis | en |
| dc.type | Thesis | |
| dc.date.schoolyear | 109-1 | |
| dc.description.degree | 碩士 | |
| dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 蔡詩偉(Shih-wei Tsai),吳俊德(Jyun-De Wu) | |
| dc.subject.keyword | 受體模式,正矩陣因子分解,臭氧形成潛勢,二次有機氣溶膠潛勢,風險優先排序, | zh_TW |
| dc.subject.keyword | Receptor model,Positive matrix factorization,Ozone formation potential,Secondary organic aerosol potential,Risk prioritization, | en |
| dc.relation.page | 81 | |
| dc.identifier.doi | 10.6342/NTU202004215 | |
| dc.rights.note | 未授權 | |
| dc.date.accepted | 2020-09-22 | |
| dc.contributor.author-college | 公共衛生學院 | zh_TW |
| dc.contributor.author-dept | 環境與職業健康科學研究所 | zh_TW |
| 顯示於系所單位： | 環境與職業健康科學研究所 | |
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