從價值鏈觀點探討金融科技對保險業之影響

Abstract

隨著網際網路的普及與資通訊科技的大幅進展，金融科技一詞已成為金融業近年來的顯學。金融科技的意涵，不僅是科技面的創新，改變原有通路、擴大交易與服務層面，更重要的是消費者行為模式亦因而產生變化，促使整體金融服務的變革及金融商業模式的創新。 短短數年間，新興金融科技如雨後春筍般紛紛崛起，提供創新的金融服務，結合行動通訊、社群媒體、大數據分析、雲端服務等科技應用，改變人們支付、保險、融資、募資及投資等方式。 金融科技的核心價值，主要在於透過價值鏈上的環節創造降低成本與差異化的競爭優勢。然而金融科技的創新，創造了新的商業模式，也打破了傳統行業的分別及產業的疆界，傳統金融業和科技業等新進入者的界線越來越模糊，金融業的跨界時代已經來臨，新的商業生態系統已逐漸形成。 根據世界經濟論壇報告發布的研究報告指出，金融科技創新，銀行業將最快受到衝擊，但保險業因價值鏈分解，所受到的衝擊將最大。本文欲探討金融科技及保險科技的發展趨勢，並從價值鏈觀點，深入研究並借鏡國外保險科技成功個案與創新商業模式的發展經驗，及其對保險價值鏈創新的影響，以供我國保險業作為未來發展方向之參考。再者，本文進一步探討因應金融科技時代來臨，我國保險業目前的應用現況與面臨的挑戰，並探討保險業者的機會，以及如何在這個被稱為「破壞式創新」的變局中取得領先地位的因應對策。 本文期望藉由歸納及研究結果，提供我國保險業未來發展方向的建議。

With the substantial progress of the popularity of the Internet and information and communication technology, financial technology has become subject of financial sector in recent years. The financial technology not only refers to the technology innovation, the change of original sales channels and the expansion of trade and service level, but more importantly refers to the change in patterns of consumer behaviors, which leads to the transformation in the financial services and the innovation in financial business model. In the past few years, the emerging financial technologies have sprung up to provide innovative financial services, to combine the technology applications such as mobile communications, social media, big data analytics, and cloud services and to change the methods of payment, insurance, financing, fundraising and investment. Financial technology's core value lies mainly through the links in the value chain to create lower costs with differentiated competitive advantage. Yet the innovation of financial technology created new business models and also broke the differentiation and boundaries among traditional industries. The borderline for new entrants between traditional financial industry and technology industry has become blurred. The financial sector cross-border era has arrived and the new business ecosystem has evolved. According to a research report issued by the World Economic Forum report, with innovation of financial technology, banking industry will be the fastest under attack. However, as the disaggregation of value chain, the impact on the insurance industry will be greatest. This article is to explore the development of financial and insurance technology trends and, from value chain perspective, to study and learn from the overseas insurance technology experience, the development of innovative business models and its impact on the insurance value chain innovation as the direction for the future development of Taiwan's insurance industry for reference. In addition, this article has further discussion on Taiwan's insurance industry current status and challenges arising from the era of FinTech and is to explore the opportunities for insurers and the strategies for leading position in response to this new change known as ' disruptive innovation '. Hope through the study results, this article provides recommendations for future development of Taiwan's insurance industry.