大陸消費金融業務的競爭策略及因應 – 以A銀行策略為例

Abstract

在行動網路快速發展的時代，運用金融科技(FinTech)改進金融體系效率已經成為一門市場顯學，尤其消費金融更是普惠金融中最重要的環節，因此在大陸受到國家政策的扶持與鼓勵，消費金融業務將持續高速成長發展；但也因為如此，市場的競爭更趨激烈與多元化，包括：銀行、消費金融公司、互聯網電商、產業巨孹、各類網貸平臺…等，在有利可圖的誘因下，紛紛投入這個預期高利潤、高風險的產業。 由於現行中國大陸許多網貸平台、小貸公司規避了監管的控制，不合理的高利率、高利息、巧立名目超收各種收費項目、不合法律規範的催收手段...等市場亂象頻出，加上平台經營者捲款潛逃時有所聞，已經造成金融體系的混亂以及社會動盪不安，主管監理單位已經到了不得不出手干預與管理的時刻。隨著監管趨嚴，部分經營者企圖用較高的收益覆蓋過高的逾放風險模式，勢必難以長久經營；轉以用嚴謹的風險管理及符合監理機制為核心，透過彈性產品規劃、專屬的消費場景、便利的消費體驗、先進的金融科技為手段；讓消費金融回歸普惠金融存在的價值。 2017年是大陸消費金融業務增長異常迅速的一年，基於對市場發展趨勢的研判，台灣A商業銀行將以擅長的交叉銷售與風險控管經驗結合大陸當地銀行熟悉的在地化消費模式，透過雙方的優勢資源產生互補效應，以錯位經營方式，合資成立「跨銀行」背景的消費金融公司。利用各自渠道、產品及客戶來源開始發力，和傳統銀行的資金、風控優勢合作開展聯合貸款業務，這一趨勢將對以純線上消金公司產生巨大衝擊。找到準確的市場切入點和適合的商業模式，才是商業銀行針對未來競爭策略的發展之道。

In the era of rapid development of mobile networks, the use of financial technology (FinTech) to improve the efficiency of the financial system has become a prominent market, especially consumer finance is the most important part of inclusive finance, so the mainland is supported and encouraged by national policies, consumption The financial business will continue to grow at high speeds; but also because of this, the market's competition will become more intense and diversified, including: banks, consumer finance companies, Internet e-commerce, industry giants, various types of online loan platforms, etc. With the incentive of the map, they are investing in this industry that is expected to have high profits and high risks. As many online loan platforms and small-loan companies in mainland China circumvent the control of supervision, unreasonable high interest rates, high interest rates, and clever projects have overtaken various charging items and collection methods that are not compliant with laws and regulations. The fact that platform operators absconded with money in advance has caused financial system chaos and social turmoil. The supervising supervisors have already had time to intervene and manage. With stricter supervision, some operators are trying to cover excessively high risk of over-disbursement with higher returns, which is bound to be difficult to operate for a long time; they will use strict risk management and compliance with the supervision mechanism as the core, through flexible product planning, and exclusive Consumption scenarios, convenient consumer experience, and advanced financial technology are the means; let consumer finance return to the value of inclusive finance. The year 2017 was an exceptionally rapid year for the growth of China's consumer finance business. Based on the market development trend, Taiwan A commercial bank will combine its expertise in cross-selling and risk control with local local banks' familiar local consumption patterns. The advantageous resources of the two sides have a complementary effect, and they have established a joint-venture consumer finance company with a “cross-bank” background in a dislocation-operating manner. The use of their respective channels, products and customer sources began to exert force to cooperate with the traditional bank's capital and risk control advantages to launch a joint loan business. This trend will have a huge impact on pure online consumer companies. Finding an accurate entry point for the market and a suitable business model is the way for commercial banks to develop strategies for the future.