企業風險管理 : 營業秘密保護與管理策略研究

Abstract

隨著國際貿易的成長，對岸的利誘和全球化，流動性增加的結果是員工更容易跳槽，又逢數位科技的進步及網路的興起，數位環境下，營業秘密更容易被儲存、接觸及傳播，使得侵害營業秘密案件數量持續增加，而這類案件偏偏又有舉證難、定罪難、損失計算難的三難特點，受害企業往往遭受營業秘密公開後不可逆的重大損失與風險，卻難以自法律程序中得到救濟。故對於營業秘密這種一旦公開就無法回復秘密狀態的資訊，採取事前預防策略重於事後的追訴，易言之，企業應採取合理措施保護其營業秘密，作為風險管理機制的一環。 因此，本研究透過文獻探討與訪談調查，了解受訪企業目前實施營業秘密管理的實際狀況，以及企業保護營業秘密最常用之措施為何。研究結果顯示，企業實施營業秘密保護，雖受產業趨向不同所影響，但企業如何看待營業秘密與負責人的心態，才是影響其營業秘密管理策略不同的重要因素；此外，各企業對營業秘密雖自有想法與管理之道，但只要具以實施之保密措施達到合理程度且有效防止侵害發生或增加侵害難度，就是能降低營運風險的好策略。

Since job-hopping of employees are easilier due to the increasing of mobilitiy by way of the growth of international trade, the inducements from Mainland China, and the trends of globalization, as well as the trade secret becomes easilier to be stored, accessed, and disseminated with the progress of digital technology and the rise of the internet make; the infringement of trade secret cases are getting more and more accordingly. The victimized companies often suffer the irreversible loss and risk resulting from the leaking of trade secret, yet fail to get relief from legal proceedings owing to the difficulties in evidence collecting, convicting, and damage calculating. Consequently, the protection and management strategy to prevent the disclosure of trade secret is more important than taking legal action after the event. That is to say, corporate shall adopt reasonable protection measures to protect the trade secret as part of the risk management machanisms. Literature research and survey were done to study the actual implementation situation of the trade secret management, as well as the top protection measures of the surveyed companies. The results show that the implementation of trade secret protection may differ depending on the industry, however, how corporate look upon trade secret and the attitude of the top managements are the key factors to impact the trade secret management strategies. Moreover, corporates is allowed to have its own way of thinking and management toward trade secret and viewed as the good strategies to reduce the corporate risk, as long as the measures to be taken are reasonable and valid to prevent or increase the difficulty of the infringement of trade secret.