第三方半導體檢測實驗室之經營策略分析–以V公司為例

Abstract

張忠謀先生以劃時代創舉的專業代工模式在半導體產業掀起了大波瀾，將半導體產業由IDM模式裂解成IC設計、IC製造與IC封測三大產業區段，大幅的降低了IC設計業的進入門檻，使得IC設計業百花齊放，各式各樣的創意與應用得以產品形態成功呈現在消費者面前，同時也推升了整體半導體產業的規模。隨著半導體產業的產值逐步升高，產業的精細分工也愈來愈專業，其中誕生了第三方半導體檢測實驗室，這是一個利基型的產業，其營業範圍主要為： 1. 服務無廠半導體IC設計業進行硏發品加工、失效與故障檢測、可靠度驗證 2. 服務半導體量產公司之IC製造業、IC封測業進行製程驗證、材料分析、良率提升 大陸的半導體產業在「中國製造2025」之政策下，由政府提供各式優惠、補助與保護，並刻意學習台灣成功的產業分工模式，已取得了不錯的市占成績。一向由歐美主導的半導體產業漸漸往亞洲移動，影響力擴散到諸多領域而引發了中美貿易衝突，大陸半導體產業遭受了鉗制，因而啟動IC自主化的進程，使得半導體的檢測需求因此而大幅增加。海峽兩岸的第三方半導體檢測實驗室，原有數家公司在經營，因為商機湧現，此時新的企業加入經營也是必然的現象。 值此時，個案V公司為擴大投入第三方半導體檢測實驗室之企業，不論資本、客群、與技術能量等資源都較先進企業匱乏，本硏究試著以質性系統方法與模型，分析找到市場機會及組織之優劣勢，設定建議策略布局，並設想應有之組織整合策略，以確保能快速立足於產業生態。

Mr. Morris Chang set off a wave in the semiconductor industry with the professional foundry model. The semiconductor supply chain is split from the IDM model into three major industrial sectors: fabless IC design, wafer foundry, and OSAT (Outsourced Semiconductor Assembly and Testing). It lowered the semiconductor industry entry barrier, and many IC design companies were born. Variety of ideas and applications could be presented to consumers in form of product. Meanwhile the output value of the semiconductor industry gradually increases, the industrial division is becoming more fine and professional. A need of niche industry appeared which named as third-party semiconductor testing laboratory. Its main business scopes are: 1. Serve the fabless IC design industry for R D product quick processing, failure analysis, and reliability verification. 2. Serve IC wafer foundry, OSAT mass production companies for process verification, material analysis, and yield improvement. Under 'Made in China 2025', the mainland's semiconductor industry is provided with various preferential treatments, subsidies and protection by the government. Learned from Taiwan's successful industrial business model and development trace, Chinese players have achieved good market share also. The semiconductor industry, which has been dominated by Europe and the United States, gradually moves to Asia. Sino-US trade conflict was triggered, mainland China's semiconductor industry suffered from clamping. Thus start the autonomous process of IC supply chain, the demand for semiconductor testing has increased significantly. Several third-party semiconductor testing laboratories on both sides of the strait are operating. Due to the business opportunities are emerging, it is also an inevitable phenomenon that new enterprises join the business at this time. At the same time, study case V Company was expanding its investment in third-party semiconductor testing laboratories. Regardless of capital, customer base, technical energy and other resources are scarce than existed enterprises. This study attempts to use qualitative system methods and models to have strategy positioning, set recommended strategic layouts, and appropriate organizational integration strategies to ensure a rapid growth in the industrial.