上肢特異量測點之心電訊號之研究

Abstract

中文摘要 近幾年來國人十大死因，心臟疾病仍居榜上排名第二位。其中心律不整是常見的心臟疾病之一，會產生過快，過慢或是不規則的心跳。有心律不整的病患有可能會導致猝死或是其他疾病。另外急性心肌梗塞也會因提供心臟養分的冠狀動脈血液因灌流不足而導致心肌細胞缺氧、損傷或壞死，其嚴重時常常會導致死亡。心電圖是診斷心律不整與心肌梗塞的重要工具之一,可預防憾事發生。但檢查方式是使用十二導程的心電圖機台,一般民眾對於眾多的貼片的貼點位置不熟悉,且費時不方便使用及攜帶、判讀等。所以造成民眾疏於心電圖的生活化之健檢,以致於造成許多可防患未然卻未做之憾事。雖然目前市面上已有使用以肢體導程來作為穿戴式的心電圖量測的穿戴式產品,但其產品量測率不高且缺乏精準度,而且也都是隸屬於3C產品,不能真正來做為診斷的可靠依據。歸究於原因在於量測位置的合適性及電路硬體設計方式。本論文研究是採用肢體導程中的第一導程為基礎，從手指與手腕等三種不同位置去收集可行的生物心電圖（ECG）信號的可行性。並以自行設計的穿戴式裝置獲取心電圖數據，並透過市面上心電圖機所獲取心電圖數據與之分析及比較判定。最後來歸納出何種位置可輕易的量測出可靠之ECG信號。 未來若能參考本研究中實驗結果所討論所採用方法與位置，以及所建議之硬體電路，比如濾波放大等方式去擷取信號，設計開發出便利之穿戴式裝置，就可即時或連續監測心臟狀況，提高了臨床診斷與預防醫學之價值。

In recent years, the top ten causes of death among Taiwanese people, heart disease still ranks second on the list. Central arrhythmia is one of the common heart diseases, which can produce excessively fast, slow or irregular heartbeats. Patients with arrhythmia may cause sudden death or other diseases. In addition, acute myocardial infarction can also cause hypoxia, damage or necrosis of myocardial cells due to insufficient perfusion of the coronary blood that provides cardiac nutrients. In severe cases, it often leads to death. The electrocardiogram is one of the important tools for diagnosing the arrhythmia and myocardial infarction, which can prevent the occurrence of regrets. However, the inspection method is to use a twelve-lead ECG machine. The general public are not familiar with the placement of many patches, and it is time-consuming and inconvenient to use, carry, and interpret. As a result, the people are negligent in the daily health examination of the electrocardiogram, which has caused many regrets that can be prevented but not done. Although there are currently wearable products on the market that use limb leads as a wearable ECG measurement, their product measurement rate is not high and lacks accuracy, and they are all 3C products and cannot be really done. It is a reliable basis for diagnosis. The reason lies in the suitability of the measurement location and the way the circuit hardware is designed. In the future, if we can refer to the methods and locations discussed in the experimental results of this study and the recommended hardware circuits, such as filtering and amplifying methods to capture signals and design and develop convenient wearable devices, the heart can be monitored in real time or continuously. The condition has increased the value of clinical diagnosis and preventive medicine.