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完整後設資料紀錄
DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
---|---|---|
dc.contributor.advisor | 沈偉強 | |
dc.contributor.author | Chih-Yuan Pan-Liu | en |
dc.contributor.author | 潘劉至元 | zh_TW |
dc.date.accessioned | 2021-07-09T15:52:21Z | - |
dc.date.available | 2027-08-21 | |
dc.date.copyright | 2017-09-04 | |
dc.date.issued | 2017 | |
dc.date.submitted | 2017-08-17 | |
dc.identifier.citation | 孔憲武、簡焯坡。1979。中國植物誌。第25卷。216。北京。科學出版社。
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dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/76438 | - |
dc.description.abstract | 十字花科根腫(瘤)病,為全球性且相當古老的病害,對於溫帶地區國家、或氣溫較低的種植地區,常造成相當嚴重的經濟損失。十字花科根腫(瘤)病菌(Plasmodiophora brassicae Woronin),感染十字花科植物,造成寄主植物根部組織異常腫大形成根瘤,進而影響根部輸水功能,嚴重時造成植株萎凋黃化,甚至死亡。根腫(瘤)病菌為絕對寄生菌,其生活史中主要是以耐受不良環境的休眠孢子殘存於土壤或植物殘體中,並作為田間病害傳播感染的來源。目前十字花科根腫(瘤)病的防治方法,主要是透過輪作、土壤燻蒸、添加石灰等土壤添加物、施用藥劑,或是栽種抗病品種等進行,不過效果仍相當有限。因此,本研究以開發甘藍根腫(瘤)病整合性的防治技術為目標,嘗試透過不同面向的防治策略,期望達到降低病害之目的。首先,於實驗室建立根腫(瘤)病菌的活體染色技術及根腫(瘤)病菌的偵測系統,利用簡單且快速的方法,藉以評估根腫(瘤)病菌的侵染與防治成效。再者,藉由qPCR技術及定量標準曲線的建立,在每克土壤中含有10^3-10^8個休眠孢子的有效範圍內,已可定量田間土壤病原菌量。此外,藉由染色、分子檢測及接種試驗,確認田間雜草以及多種不同屬的作物,可被根腫(瘤)病菌感染並傳播病害。而以蘿蔔做為誘引植物,可有效降低甘藍的發病。最後,亦嘗試利用生物燻蒸資材,如尿素及菜子粕,進行土壤燻蒸,結果顯示可以減少土壤中病原菌的族群量,藉此達到預防或防治的目的。透過本研究之研究結果,期望未來能夠應用於十字花科根腫(瘤)病之整合性防治,有效進行田間病害之管理。 | zh_TW |
dc.description.abstract | Clubroot disease is a worldwide important disease of cruciferous crops, which can be dated back to the 13th century in Europe. The disease, caused by a biotrophic pathogen Plasmodiophora brassicae Woronin, primarily occurs in temperate countries or growing areas with low temperature. The infection often leads to gall formation in plant roots and subsequently causes leaf yellowing and wilting symptoms due to the disturbance of water movement and severe infection results in the death of infected plants. In the life cycle, the resting spores of P. brassicae can survive in soil or plant tissues for many years and serve as primary inocula for the disease in the fields. The control measures for clubroot disease include crop rotation, soil fumigation, soil additives such as lime, pesticides and resistant cultivars. However, environmental issues and the effectiveness of current measures are still major concerns. In this study, we aimed to develop integrated control techniques for cabbage clubroot. To monitor the infection and evaluate the effectiveness of disease control, we first established the vital staining protocol and pathogen detection system. By using qPCR and establishment of the standard detection curve, we can determine pathogen population in soil in the effective range of 103-108 spores/g soil. By staining, PCR and inoculation, we found that some weed plants and non-cruciferous crops were or can be infected by P. brassicae and potentially serve as survival or transmission sources in the fields. Furthermore, we found some varieties of radish can serve as decoy plant and effectively reduced the disease incidence of cabbage clubroot. To develop effective biofumigation technique, we tested materials including urea and rapeseed meal. In combination of selective microbes, we found both materials have potentials to further use for disease management in the fields. Based on the results of this study, we hope to further develop integrated control measures for clubroot disease in the fields. | en |
dc.description.provenance | Made available in DSpace on 2021-07-09T15:52:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ntu-106-R03633017-1.pdf: 5623356 bytes, checksum: bdfdb5d4b33a649f8829435f765764dd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017 | en |
dc.description.tableofcontents | 中文摘要 I
英文摘要 II 目錄III 圖目錄 VI 表目錄 VII 第一章 研究背景及動機 1 第二章 前人研究 2 2.1 十字花科根腫(瘤)病 2 2.1.1 根腫(瘤)病菌生活史 2 2.1.2 根腫(瘤)病發病生態 3 2.2 十字花科根腫(瘤)病的防治方法 4 2.3 硫配醣體 6 2.4 鈣離子對病原菌的影響 7 2.5 根腫(瘤)病菌寄主範圍 8 2.5.1 寄主與非十字花科寄主植物 8 2.5.2 誘引植物 9 2.6 土壤燻蒸防治十字花科根腫(瘤)病 10 第三章 材料與方法 12 3.1 根腫(瘤)病菌接種源的製備與接種系統的建立 12 3.1.1 接種試驗 12 3.1.2 病害級數分析 13 3.2 根腫(瘤)病菌休眠孢子活性鑑定 13 3.3 根腫(瘤)病菌之偵測 15 3.3.1 根毛染色 15 3.3.2 根腫(瘤)病菌DNA之萃取與PCR增幅 16 3.3.3即時聚合酶鏈鎖反應進行根腫(瘤)病菌之定量 16 3.4 根腫(瘤)病菌非十字花科寄主之偵測 17 3.5 根腫(瘤)病菌寄主範圍之偵測 18 3.6 誘引植物試驗 18 3.7 甘藍抗病品種篩選 19 3.8 尿素燻蒸測試 .20 3.8.1 田間微生物分離 20 3.8.2 菌種鑑定 20 3.8.3 氨水殺菌試驗 21 3.8.4 尿素燻蒸試驗 22 3.9 硫配醣體與鈣離子關係之研究 22 3.9.1硫配醣體粗萃取物純化流程之建立 22 3.9.2 化學分析 23 3.10 梅峰本場田間防治試驗 24 第四章 結果 26 4.1 接種試驗 26 4.2 根腫(瘤)病菌休眠孢子活性鑑定 26 4.3 根腫(瘤)病菌之偵測 28 4.3.1 根毛染色 28 4.3.2 即時聚合酶鏈鎖反應進行根腫(瘤)病菌之定量 28 4.4 根腫(瘤)病菌非十字花科寄主之偵測 29 4.5 根腫(瘤)病菌寄主範圍之偵測 30 4.6 誘引植物試驗 31 4.7甘藍抗病品種篩選 32 4.8 尿素燻蒸試驗 33 4.8.1 具尿素酶活性微生物的分離 33 4.8.2 尿素燻蒸初步測試-氨水試驗 34 4.8.3 尿素燻蒸試驗 34 4.9 硫配醣體與鈣離子關係之研究 35 4.9.1 硫配醣體粗萃取物純化流程之建立 35 4.9.2 化學分析 36 4.10 梅峰本場田間防治試驗 37 第五章 討論 39 第六章 參考文獻 49 圖 63 表 81 附錄 91 | |
dc.language.iso | zh-TW | |
dc.title | 甘藍根腫(瘤)病整合性防治技術之開發 | zh_TW |
dc.title | Development of integrated control techniques for clubroot disease of cabbage | en |
dc.type | Thesis | |
dc.date.schoolyear | 105-2 | |
dc.description.degree | 碩士 | |
dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 羅筱鳳,陳昭瑩 | |
dc.subject.keyword | 甘藍根腫(瘤)病,活體染色,qPCR,非十字花科寄主,土壤燻蒸, | zh_TW |
dc.subject.keyword | clubroot disease,Plasmodiophora brassicae,vital stain,qPCR,non-host,soil fumigation, | en |
dc.relation.page | 99 | |
dc.identifier.doi | 10.6342/NTU201702428 | |
dc.rights.note | 同意授權(全球公開) | |
dc.date.accepted | 2017-08-17 | |
dc.contributor.author-college | 生物資源暨農學院 | zh_TW |
dc.contributor.author-dept | 植物病理與微生物學研究所 | zh_TW |
dc.date.embargo-lift | 2027-08-21 | - |
顯示於系所單位: | 植物病理與微生物學系 |
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