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標題: | 阿拉伯芥澱粉代謝突變種之特性檢定 Characterization of Starch Metabolic Mutants in Arabidopsis |
作者: | Shin-Jen Wu 吳幸真 |
出版年 : | 1995 |
學位: | 碩士 |
摘要: | 高等植物之澱粉代謝的調控是一個複雜但有趣的問題,尤其是有關暫存性澱粉的代謝調控一直尚未清晰。本論文利用遺傳的方法在阿拉伯芥中尋找葉片澱粉代謝的突變種;在突變劑EMS處理後的M2族群中找到三種澱粉代謝的突變種,分別?ke33、ke58、ke81,分別探討其澱粉代謝的特性。 突變種ke33?單基因隱性突變,此突變種葉片中澱粉量大約只有野生型的60%,而可溶性的六碳糖及蔗糖總含量則和野生型相差不多。在澱粉的組成上,突變種ke33缺乏直鏈澱粉,其granule-bound starch synthase活性大約只有野生型的15%。至於其他多種的澱粉合成及降解之相關酵素則無明顯的改變。 突變種ke58的葉綠素大約只有野生型的一半,葉片中澱粉也較野生型少。由電顯觀察發現其葉綠體中類囊膜層壘的情形較野生型低。此突變種?單基因隱性突變,而同時影響澱粉的量和葉綠素的量。至於其他澱粉合成及降解的之酵素,除D-enzyme活性上升外,則無明顯的變化。 突變種ke81?單基因隱性突變,其葉片中澱粉含量?野生型的4倍,種皮能用碘液染到澱粉。分析ke81澱粉合成及降解酵素的活性發現,granule-bound starch synthase的活性是野生型的三倍;至於其他澱粉合成及降解酵素的活性則和野生型無明顯的差異。 pgm和sexl分別是前人已發表的澱粉缺失和過量累積的突變種。本論文分析一些ke33、ke81、ke58、pgm和sexl雙突變種之葉片澱粉含量變化,並討論不同突變基因之可能關係。 The regulation of starch metabolism during plant growth and development is a very interesting but complicated theme. Genetic approach is powerful as it reveals the relationship of genes regarding starch synthesis and utilization. Three Arabidopsis mutants, namely ke33. ke58 and ke81 were isolated by the iodine staining method from the M2 population from the EMS treated seeds. All the three mutants are monogenic recessive determined by genetic analysis. The starch content in leaves of mutant ke33 was about 60% of that of the wild type, but the amount of soluble sugar is unchanged in this mutant. In addition to low starch content the starch composition in mutant ke33 also changed and no amylose is present in the starch grains, ke33 may be the first mutant which shows the waxy character of starch in leaves. Among the starch-metabolizing enzymes tested, only the GBSS activity was reduced by ke33 mutation. Mutation of ke58 resulted in the decrease of both starch and chlorophyll content in the leaves, however the activity of D-enzyme in the mutant is much higher than that in the wild type. The leaves of mutant ke81 stained dark blue with iodine after two days of dark treatment and dark spots was present on the seed coat of mutant ke81 upon the iodine staining. The GBSS activity was increased by 3-fold in the mature leaves of ke81 mutant, sex1 is a starch excess mutant and pgm is starchless mutant reported by Casper et al. In order to understand the interaction of ke33, ke58, ke81, sex1 and pgm on the regulation of starch metabolism, the changes of starch content in double mutants were analyzed and the relationship among these genes was discussed. |
URI: | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/76129 |
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顯示於系所單位: | 植物科學研究所 |
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