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標題: | 玉華蘭地下莖分化成芽體的形態變化過程的研究 MORPHOLOGICAL CHANGES OF CYMBIDIUM C. V. YUH HWA DURING THE DIFFERENTIATION FROM RHIZOME TO AERIAL SHOOT. |
作者: | Chao-Rong Yang 楊昭容 |
出版年 : | 1982 |
學位: | 碩士 |
摘要: | (1)玉華蘭的地下莖在含cytokinin的培養基上培養可分化成芽體,而在含有auxin的培養基上永不分化,繼續生長。 (2)在地下莖分化成芽體的過程,以葉子的變化最明顯,經由掃描電子顯微鏡觀察,地下莖由二片鱗片狀的葉子包圍頂端分生組織。在分化培養基第三天時,新生的葉片緊緊貼於頂端分生組織,隨著在分化培養基培養日數的增加,葉慢慢生長及長高,由彎曲的形狀長成直立狀的葉片,最後形成兩對生葉展開。 (3)地下莖及分化成莖芽後的芽體,在解剖型態上,其頂端分生組織均有外帶和內群的構造。地下莖的外帶由一或二層細胞構成,細胞排列整齊、呈長方形、內群細胞呈不定形。整個頂端分生組織常常染色深而一致。分化莖芽的芽體,外帶由二層細胞構成,細胞排列整齊,隨著在培養基培養日數的增加,由長方形轉變成正方形,內群細胞呈不定形。內群細胞下麵有原始形成層,在分化的芽體中可見原始形成層向葉延伸。 (4)莖芽生長點內群細胞下麵的髓部母細胞及髓部細胞液泡化早,細胞染色淡,細胞大,細胞核大都靠在細胞壁。 (5)地下莖的髓部細胞,常可發現針狀結晶束,細胞往往比其他周圍的細胞大上四至五倍。到了分化後的芽體,可在成熟的葉片上發現有針狀結晶束。 (6)地下莖及分化莖芽後的葉原來自周圍帶(peripheral zone)由外帶與內群的細胞參加分化。 (7)腋芽的分化,在地下莖及芽體分化的早期,有shell zone的出現,隨著頂芽的莖芽分化,腋芽也隨之分化成莖芽,其分化過程與頂芽分化過程相同,只是分化比頂芽來的慢。 (8)隨著在分化培養基天數的增加,頂端分生組織的高度(height of apical dome)隨之增加,頂端分生組織的寬度(width of apical dome)第三天至第五天有明顯增大,接著趨向平滑的曲?沒很大的變化,而莖軸的直徑(stem diameter)有漸增加的趨勢。 (9)莖芽外帶細胞的數目,沒有顯著的增加,而外帶細胞的寬度有增加的趨勢。同時內群細胞的數目沒有規則變化,顯示生長點沒有很大的變化。 1. Rhizome-tips of Cymbidium c. v. Yuh hwa culture on the Knudson C medium with cytokinin differentiate into shoot. 2. The change of leaf shape dominates during shoot differentiation. In scanning electron microscopic observation the arched leaf covered the acical meristem in the early stage of development, gradually it developed and grew higher. From curved leaf became straight leaf and grew into decussate leaf. 3. Tunica-corpus organization differentiates both in the rhizome meristem and in the shoot apical meristem of Yuh hwa. Tunica with one or two layers of cells arranging in outermost layer looks like a semispherical mantle. All the cells in the apical meristem are stained heavily. Below corpus there is a strand of procambium extending into the leaf. 4. Pith mother cells and pith cells vacuolized early, with lighter cytoplasm and larger cells, nucleus commonly exists beside the cell wall. 5. Raphids are very common in rhizome and distribute in the pith cells. The cells with raphids are commonly larger than surrounding cells. Raphids also appear in the mature leaves. 6. In differentiating shoot the peripheral zone is the region which posses the cells with high mitotic activity in the apical meristem. Tunica and corpus contribute the leaf differentiation. 7. Shell zone appears in the rhizome and in the early stage of development during the differentiation of axillary bud. Rhizome-tip differentiation accompanies axillary bud differentiation. But the latter always later than the former. |
URI: | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/75452 |
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顯示於系所單位: | 植物科學研究所 |
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