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| DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
|---|---|---|
| dc.contributor.author | I-Yin Lin | en |
| dc.contributor.author | 林宜瑩 | zh_TW |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2021-07-01T08:12:47Z | - |
| dc.date.available | 2021-07-01T08:12:47Z | - |
| dc.date.issued | 2002 | |
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| dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/75347 | - |
| dc.description.abstract | 有絲分裂細胞週期的設計原理建築於S phase與M phase相依且不相容的特性上，每一週期裡的S phase與M phase僅能進行一次且必須順序發生。但在減數分裂，DNA複製完成後卻進行了兩次分離，顯然違逆了有絲分裂的規範，而相繼兩個M phase也正是減數分裂最特殊的性狀。研究減數分裂的分子調控機制，可憑著有絲分裂的知識背景做為思考的架構，從中推敲減數分裂可能的特化形式。 APC為M phase之蛋白質分解系統，主宰了各調節因數活性消長的時程，而spindle assembly checkpoint功能在於檢查染色體與紡錘體之問的連繫狀態，能直接抑制APC系統的活性以延宕metaphase-anaphase transition啟動。檢視MI的染色體組態，包括chiasma構造、kinetochore與紡錘體之monopolar attachment 均為減數分裂所特有的，推規spindle assembly checkpoint檢查系統於此必受到修飾，而脊椎動物卵細胞受精前的metall arrest也隱約顯示與spindle assembly checkpoint有著密切的關連。基於上述理由，我選殖了spindle assembly checkpoint重要的成員-Mad2 以及APC活化因數-Cdc20與Cdhl，期盼以spindle assembly checkpoint與APC系統所形成的調控途徑為主軸，從中探索減數分裂M phase之分子運轉機制。 本實驗室以鯉魚為生物系統，從魚卵細胞裡選殖出Mad2、Cdc20與Cdhl基因後，利用細菌表現重組蛋白並製作多株抗體，其中Mad2抗體所進行的鯉魚卵巢組織之免疫偵測顯示，Mad2於第一次減數分裂的前期便已存在卵細胞核裡，但以Cdc20抗體所進行的免疫組織化學並無測得訊號。 | zh_TW |
| dc.description.abstract | The principle of cell cycle of mitosis is based on the characteristics of dependence and inconsistency between S phase and M phase. In each cycle, S phase and M phase can only proceed once and in order. But during the period of meiosis, DNA separates twice after its duplication, which obviously disobeys the rule of mitosis, and two consecutive M phases are exactly the most unique character of meiosis. We can make researches into molecular mechanism of meiosis by contemplating its possible specialized patterns with the background of mitosis. APC is the ubiquitin system of M phase, which is in charge of the sequential activity of each regulatory factor. Spindle assembly checkpoint functions on checking the connection status between chromosome and spindle, and it can inhibit APC system to delay the turn-on of metaphase-anaphase transition. Looking into MⅠchromosome, we know that chiasma structure, monopolar attachment between kinetochore and spindle only exist in meiosis. Hence we may conclude that the spindle assembly checkpoint must be modified at this key point. The meta Ⅱarrest of pre-fertilized vertebrate egg also implicitly shows its close relation with spindle assembly checkpoint. For the reasons above, I cloned Mad2, which is one important member of spindle assembly checkpoint, and Cdc20 and Cdh1, Which are APC activators, to explore the molecular mechanisms of M phase on the base of regulatory system consisted of spindle assembly checkpoint and APC. Carp is the biological experiment system of our laboratory. I cloned Mad2、Cdc20 and Cdh1 genes from carps’ oocytes, and the bacterial expressed recombinant proteins were produced to induce polyclonal antibody, Immunoncytochemistry was performed to detect the distribution of Mad2 protein in carp ovary and showed that Mad2 already exists in the nucleus of prophase I oocytes. However, immunoncytochemistry failed to detect the expression of endogenous Cdc20 protein in carp oocytes. | en |
| dc.description.provenance | Made available in DSpace on 2021-07-01T08:12:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2002 | en |
| dc.description.tableofcontents | 目 錄 目錄………………………………………………………………………………………………? 圖目錄……………………………………………………………………………………………? 檢寫名稱對照表…………………………………………………………………………………? 中文摘要…………………………………………………………………………………………? 英文摘要…………………………………………………………………………………………? 引言 壹、細胞週期主要的調控機制…………………………………………………………………1 一、Cdk系統…………………………………………………………………………………1 二、Ubiquitin蛋白質分解系統……………………………………………………………2 貳、有絲分裂Mphase之分子調控機制…………………………………………………………2 一、Mphase Cdk活性之調控 ………………………………………………………………2 二、APC系統…………………………………………………………………………………3 1.APC組成…………………………………………………………………………………3 2.APC活化因數……………………………………………………………………………3 三、APC 於Metaphase-Anaphase Transition之角色……………………………………4 四、APC活性之調節…………………………………………………………………………5 五、Spindle Assembly Checkpoint………………………………………………………6 1.等持訊息假說 (Waiting Signal Model)……………………………………………6 2.構形轉換假說(Conformation Switch Model)………………………………………7 六、Anaphase 後的調節系統………………………………………………………………8 1.FEAR Network …………………………………………………………………………8 2.Mitotic Exit Network ………………………………………………………………9 參、減數分裂M phase 之分子調控機制………………………………………………………10 一、脊椎動物卵細胞之減數分裂進程 ……………………………………………………10 二、減數分裂之分子調控機制 ……………………………………………………………11 1.GVBD ……………………………………………………………………………………11 2.同源染色體分離…………………………………………………………………………11 3.相繼的MⅠ與MⅡ…………………………………………………………………………13 4.MetaphaseⅡarrest ……………………………………………………………………14 三、APC系統於減數分裂之特化……………………………………………………………14 四、Spindle Assembly Checkpoint與Mos之關連性………………………………………15 材料與方法 壹、分子生物學相關技術 ………………………………………………………………………17 一、勝任細胞(Competent cell)……………………………………………………………17 二、細菌轉型(Transformation)……………………………………………………………17 三、質體 DNA之抽取…………………………………………………………………………17 四、純化DNA片段 ……………………………………………………………………………18 五、西方轉漬法(Western Blotting)………………………………………………………18 貳、卵細胞RACE cDNA基因庫之製備……………………………………………………………19 一、卵細胞之分離……………………………………………………………………………19 二、mRNA之抽取與純化………………………………………………………………………20 三、RACE cDNA基因庫之製備 ………………………………………………………………20 參、RACE法選殖全長基因 ………………………………………………………………………20 一、基因片段序列之獲取……………………………………………………………………21 二、RACE法獲取cDNA全長序列………………………………………………………………21 肆、重組蛋白之表現與純化及抗血清之製備 …………………………………………………23 一、表現質體之建構…………………………………………………………………………23 二、重組蛋白之誘發…………………………………………………………………………24 三、重組蛋白之純化與抗血清之製備………………………………………………………25 伍、鯉魚卵細胞之免疫偵測………………………………………………………………………26 一、鯉魚卵萃取液之製備……………………………………………………………………26 二、免疫組織化(Immunocytochemistry）…………………………………………………26 結果 壹、鯉魚Mad2、Cdc20、Cdh1基因全長cDNA之選殖……………………………………………27 一、cDNA片段之選殖…………………………………………………………………………27 二、cDNA全長序列之決定……………………………………………………………………27 貳、細菌重組蛋白之表現與純化 ………………………………………………………………28 一、建構表現菌種……………………………………………………………………………28 二、誘發重組蛋白表現………………………………………………………………………29 三、純化重組蛋白……………………………………………………………………………29 參、Mad2與Cdc20重組蛋白之免疫偵測…………………………………………………………30 一、重組蛋白之免疫偵測……………………………………………………………………30 二、魚卵萃取液之免疫偵測…………………………………………………………………30 肆、免疫組織化學 ………………………………………………………………………………31 討論 壹、實驗結果討論 ………………………………………………………………………………55 一、鯉魚 Mad2基因至少存在兩種形式………………………………………………………55 二、表現 Cdh1重組蛋白遭遇困難……………………………………………………………55 三、多株抗體無法測得內生性的 Mad2與 Cdc20蛋白………………………………………56 四、Mad2分佈在MⅠ前期的卵細胞核中………………………………………………………57 貳、研究展望 ……………………………………………………………………………………57 引用文獻 …………………………………………………………………………………………59 | |
| dc.language.iso | zh-TW | |
| dc.title | 鯉魚Mad2、Cdc20、Cdh1基因於減數分裂功能之探討 | zh_TW |
| dc.title | Molecular Cloning and Expression of Mad2、Cdc20 and Cdh1 Genes in the Carp Oocytes. | en |
| dc.date.schoolyear | 90-2 | |
| dc.description.degree | 碩士 | |
| dc.relation.page | 84 | |
| dc.rights.note | 未授權 | |
| dc.contributor.author-dept | 生命科學院 | zh_TW |
| dc.contributor.author-dept | 動物學研究所 | zh_TW |
| 顯示於系所單位： | 動物學研究所 | |
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