不同蛋白質含量下脂質及n-3高度不飽和脂肪酸對赤鰭笛鯛成長之研究

Abstract

本實驗為了探討在不同的蛋白質下脂質及n-3高度不飽和脂肪酸對赤鰭笛鯛成長之影響。應用脂質之蛋白質節省效果及添加牛油調整n-3高度不飽和脂肪酸的含量，探討赤鰭笛鯛適合的n-3高度不飽和脂肪酸需求。 在實驗一中設計6組飼料餵食重量約為4克左右的赤鰭笛鯛幼魚，飼養於室內黑色塑膠桶（75×50×45cm）中，每組12尾雙重複，6組飼料分別含有蛋白質含量40％及46％，粗脂質含量在14.6~21.1％之間，在第3組（diet 3）與第6組（diet 6）中分別添加部分牛油取代魚油。餵食42天結果以41％蛋白質加上21％脂質組（Diet l）增重率368％及飼料效率86％與46％蛋白質加上18％脂質組（Diet 4）的增重率342％及飼料效率85％有較佳的成長效果。 實驗二中設計7組飼料餵食重量約為1.2克左右的赤鰭笛鯛幼魚，以箱網（120×70×70cm）飼養在室外土池中，每組25尾雙重複，7組飼料分別含有不同蛋白質含量42％及48%，粗脂質含量在16.4~21.0％之間。各組以全部或部分牛油取代魚油，餵食42天結果以42％蛋白質加上15％全魚油（3.5% n-3 HUFA）增重率974％及飼料效率84％有較佳的成長效果。根據增重率、飼料效率、肌肉極性脂肪酸與肝臟極性脂肪酸，赤鰭笛鯛飼料中，含有42％的蛋白質，油脂含量21.1％中，其餘的10％油脂可用牛油取代，n-3 HUFA的需求為1.9%，對其成長有最佳的效果。

The red striped snapper (Lutjanus erythropterus) is most likely developing as the main kind of cultured fish using the seawater net cage culture in Taiwan. Two feeding experiments were conducted to determine the suitable dietary protein, lipid and n-3 HUFA levels for fingerlings of red striped snapper by feeding them with two white fish meal diets containing different levels of protein (CP: 40~48％) and lipid (CL:l4~21％). In Experiment I, six groups of fingerlings (2 replicates/group, 12 fishes/replicate) were feed six diets with protein levels of 40％ (L) or 46％ (H), for a six-week period in tanks. In Diet-3 and Diet-6 were add separately 6.25 ％ and 3.5％ of beef tallow into the feed to discuss the most suitable amount of beef tallow in the feed of the red striped snapper. After 42 days feeding, the weight gain and feed efficiency rate were 368 and 342％, 0.86 and 0.85 in Diet-1 (CP=41％, CL=21％) and Diet-4 (CP=46％, CL=18％), respectively. In Experiment II, seven groups of fingerlings (2 replicates/group, 25 fishes/replicate) were feed seven diets with protein levels of 42％ (L) or 48％ (H), for a six-week period in net cages. After 42 days feeding, the best weight gain and feed efficiency rate were 974％ and 0.84 in Diet-1 (CP=42％, Fish oil=15％, 3.5％ n-3 HUFA). These results indicates that the suitable protein, lipid and n-3 HUFA levels of red striped snapper were 42％, 21％ and 1.9％, respectively, depends on weight gain, feed efficiency rate, muscle polar lipid and liver polar lipid. For the red striped snapper, in 21％ diet lipid can use 10％ beef tallow to replace fish oil.