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| DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
|---|---|---|
| dc.contributor.author | Peih-Shan Wu | en |
| dc.contributor.author | 吳佩珊 | zh_TW |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2021-07-01T08:11:41Z | - |
| dc.date.available | 2021-07-01T08:11:41Z | - |
| dc.date.issued | 1999 | |
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| dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/75067 | - |
| dc.description.abstract | 小家鼠（Mus musculus）是廣佈於世界各地的小型鼠類，在台灣地區分佈於各農會穀倉中。本實驗對Y染色體上Sry基因5'端及3'端non-coding region加以定序，並以此段序列中的微隨體基因座（microsatellite DNA）作為族群遺傳研究時的遺傳標記（genetic marker），探討小家鼠的族群結構與父系的基因交流情形。 對28隻小家鼠Sry基因5'端及3'端non-coding region定序的結果，發現除了在三個微隨體基因座上個體間有重複片段長短的差異外，其餘序列在個體間完全相同，但台灣小家鼠（M.m.castaneus）與另一亞種M.m.domesticus的序列比對後，台灣小家鼠的Sry基因序列有一個胸腺嘧啶的鹼基缺失。 本實驗採用5'端與3'端各一個微隨體基因座作為對台灣地區27個小家鼠族群進行族群遺傳研究時的標誌，結果發現5'端微隨體基因座有12種基因型，而3'端基因座則只有11種。兩個基因座在大部分族群中都由一個主要基因型與一至數個少數基因型共同組成，推測可能由於雄性個體在族群中受到生殖行為與穀倉環境的影響，族群內個體數目不多，增大遺傳漂變（genetic drift）的影響力所造成。 經由族群間FST值的計算與族群地理區域間變異度的分析，兩微隨體基因座的資料均顯示東南族群與其他族群間有較大的遺傳分化度，而東北與西北的族群相對於台灣西部的族群有較高的遺傳相似度，金門族群與西南族群則沒有明顯的遺傳分化。因此，推測台灣地區東南的族群與西部族群的來源可能不同，金門可能為西部族群的種源之一，而台灣北部的族群是由西部的族群分化而來。 此外，我們也對小家鼠的近緣種月鼠（Mus caroli）進行Sry基因5'端non-coding region約700bp序列的定序，所定序的兩隻月鼠在此區域的序列只有微隨體基因座片段長短與鹼基取代數目的不同，其餘的序列則完全相同；與小家鼠此區域的序列相比較，月鼠的序列發生了許多鹼基缺失、鹼基取代以及鹼基插入的情形。 | zh_TW |
| dc.description.provenance | Made available in DSpace on 2021-07-01T08:11:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 1999 | en |
| dc.description.tableofcontents | 目錄…………………………………………………………………………………………I 摘要…………………………………………………………………………………………IV 致謝…………………………………………………………………………………………V 壹、前言……………………………………………………………………………………1 1．Y染色體簡介……………………………………………………………………………1 1．1 Y染色體在研究上的意義……………………………………………………………2 1．2 關於Y染色體的研究…………………………………………………………………2 1．3 人類Y染色體的研究…………………………………………………………………3 2．老鼠（mouse）的Y染色體………………………………………………………………4 2．1 小家鼠Y染色體之遺傳組成…………………………………………………………4 2．2 小家鼠Y染色體序列變異的研究……………………………………………………5 2．3 利用非序列的方式分析小家鼠Y染色體之變異與地理分佈的關係………………6 3．Sry基因簡介……………………………………………………………………………7 4．台灣小家鼠簡介…………………………………………………………………………9 貳、材料與方法……………………………………………………………………………11 1．小家鼠的採集……………………………………………………………………………11 2．DNA的萃取………………………………………………………………………………11 3．Sry基因定序……………………………………………………………………………12 3．1 定序反應物之置備……………………………………………………………………12 3．2 定序反應………………………………………………………………………………13 3．3 定序結果之整理………………………………………………………………………14 4．Sry基因微隨體基因座判讀……………………………………………………………14 4．1 PCR反應………………………………………………………………………………14 4．1．1 引子的放射性同位素γ-32P標定………………………………………………15 4．1．2 PCR產物的放射性同位素γ-32P標定……………………………………………15 4．2 定序用膠體電泳………………………………………………………………………16 5．台灣地區小家鼠Zfy-2基因片段缺失之檢測…………………………………………17 6．月鼠Sry基因5'端定序…………………………………………………………………18 7．資料分析…………………………………………………………………………………19 7．1 微隨體基因座結果之分析……………………………………………………………19 7．1．1 族群內遺傳組成多樣性的估算…………………………………………………19 7．1．2 族群之遺傳分化程度的估算……………………………………………………19 參、結果……………………………………………………………………………………23 1．自動定序之結果…………………………………………………………………………23 1．1 小家鼠Sry基因之序列變異…………………………………………………………23 1．1．1 Sry基因5'端之序列變異…………………………………………………………23 1．1．2 Sry基因3'端之序列變異…………………………………………………………23 1．1．3 總結………………………………………………………………………………23 1．2 小家鼠與月鼠在Sry基因5'端序列的差異…………………………………………24 2．小家鼠Zfy-2基因片段缺失之檢測結果………………………………………………25 3．小家鼠Sry基因微隨體基因座判讀結果………………………………………………25 3．1 以放射性γ-32P標定PCR產物法代替自動定序法判讀微隨體基因座片段大小…25 3．2 5'端微隨體基因座與3'端微隨體基因座之比較…………………………………26 3．3 台灣地區小家鼠Sry基因微隨體基因座的族群遺傳分析…………………………27 3．3．1 Sry基因5'端微隨體基因座分析………………………………………………27 3．3．1．1 基因型多樣性指數…………………………………………………………27 3．3．1．2 各族群的基因型組成………………………………………………………27 3．3．1．3 族群結構之分析……………………………………………………………30 3．3．2 Sry基因3'端微隨體基因座分析………………………………………………31 3．3．2．1 基因型多樣性指數…………………………………………………………31 3．3．2．2 各族群的基因型組成………………………………………………………31 3．3．2．3 族群結構之分析……………………………………………………………33 3．3．3 結合5'端與3'端微隨體基因座之分析…………………………………………34 3．3．3．1 單倍基因型之遺傳多型性…………………………………………………34 3．3．3．2 各族群的單倍基因型組成…………………………………………………34 3．3．3．3 族群遺傳結構分析…………………………………………………………35 肆、討論……………………………………………………………………………………37 1．小家鼠Sry基因序列之保守性…………………………………………………………37 2．M. m. musculus與M. m. castaneus兩亞種間Sry基因序列的比較………………37 3．Y染色體上微隨體基因座在族群遺傳研究上的應用…………………………………38 4．兩微隨體基因座基因型不一致之探討………………………………………………39 5．結合兩個微隨體基因座對族群進行分析的檢討……………………………………40 6．台灣地區小家鼠的族群遺傳結構與雄性個體的基因交流…………………………41 7．結合粒線體與Y染色體的結果對台灣小家鼠族群基因交流情形的推論……………43 8．domesticus與castaneus雜交個體的發現……………………………………………44 9．月鼠的Sry基因…………………………………………………………………………45 伍、參考資料………………………………………………………………………………46 表……………………………………………………………………………………………53 圖……………………………………………………………………………………………68 附錄一………………………………………………………………………………………75 附錄二………………………………………………………………………………………81 | |
| dc.language.iso | zh-TW | |
| dc.title | 台灣地區小家鼠Y染色體的變異及雄性的基因流 | zh_TW |
| dc.title | Y-chromosome variation and male-directed gene flow of house mice in Taiwan | en |
| dc.date.schoolyear | 87-2 | |
| dc.description.degree | 碩士 | |
| dc.relation.page | 91 | |
| dc.rights.note | 未授權 | |
| dc.contributor.author-dept | 生命科學院 | zh_TW |
| dc.contributor.author-dept | 動物學研究所 | zh_TW |
| 顯示於系所單位： | 動物學研究所 | |
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