IP劇產業發展的法律議題 ––– 以著作權和商標權為中心

Abstract

本文研究以網路文學的內容為基礎，進而延伸到影視戲劇、遊戲、漫畫產業中，智慧財產權保護的相關議題，並以著作權和商標權為中心。 近年來，網路文學隨著行動裝置的普及和網際網路的便捷而快速發展，越來越多的網路小說被改編拍攝成電視劇，並且更進一步衍生到音樂、遊戲、漫畫、和周邊商品，成為一個完整的產業鏈，創造了超乎預期的經濟利益，但也同時衍生了許多著作權和商標權相關的議題。 本論文將從網路文學和IP劇產業的現況和商業模式開始，了解其發展的背景與過程，並從中整理出網路文學作為IP產業鏈的開端，所面臨到的授權管理和侵權問題。本文在著作權方面，主要探討故事角色的保護，網路文學的同人行為，以及網路文學的改作、衍生著作、與合理使用。在商標權方面，則會探討角色商標權的保護，戲劇名稱商標權的保護，並且藉由商標淡化理論來探討著名商標的保護，以及商標的戲謔仿作在言論自由的保護之下之合理性。此外不論是小說或是戲劇，歷史人物常是創作的靈感來源，小說轉化成戲劇並且更進一步推廣時，對此種創作類型的商標權保護，對創作者和製作人，都至關重要。 最後，希望透過本論文所提出的歸納結果與淺見，能夠提供相關IP劇產業工作者做為參考，並更加了解產業相關的著作權和商標權的策略佈局和規劃，使智慧財產權能發揮最大的效益。

This thesis aims to study the intellectual property protection related issues for the online literature, and then extend to the film and television drama, games, and comic industries, with a focus on the issues of copyright and trademark rights. Consistent and easy access to mobile devices and the Internet has prompted a rapid growth of online literature in recent years. More and more successful online literary works have been adapted to TV dramas. At the same time, their byproducts such as music, games, comics and all kinds of peripheral products have also prospered. A complete industry chain has been formed and has brought forth economic interests beyond expectation. However, the copyright and trademark rights of these products have become an issue of concern, too. This thesis first illustrates the current situation and business model of the Internet literature and IP drama industries to gain an in-depth understanding of the background and process of their development, and sort out the problems of licensing management and infringement faced by the IP drama industry and internet literature as the start of IP industry chain. In terms of copyright, this thesis mainly discusses the protection of story characters, the behavior of fan fiction (Dōjinshi) in online literature, and the revisions, derivative works, and fair use of online literature. In terms of trademark rights, the protection of character trademark rights and the protection of drama titles trademark rights are discussed. Also, trademark dilution theory is applied to explore the protection of famous trademarks and the reasonableness of placing trademark parody under the protection of the freedom of speech. Moreover, whether it is a novel or a drama, historical figures are often the source of inspiration for the creation. When the novel is transformed into drama and further promoted, the protection of trademark rights for such type of creation is of crucial importance to both creators and producers. Last but not the least, we sincerely hope that the findings and suggestions proposed in this thesis will serve as a valuable reference to all the members of the IP drama industry. It is our hope that a better understanding of the strategic layout and planning in tackling with copyright and trademark rights issues will lead to the maximum effectiveness of the intellectual property rights.