1951年到2018年臺灣抗爭運動的消長

Abstract

臺灣在短短半世紀的時間，從威權主義轉型到民主社會，無論是政治制度或社會文化都發生了劇變。而作為群眾表達不滿的街頭抗爭運動更是在這個轉型過程中扮演重要的角色。本文便以臺灣抗爭運動的歷史發展為主軸，探究不同價值訴求的抗爭運動在臺灣民主化進程中，其彼此的消長究竟呈現什麼樣的關係？為了回答這個研究問題，本文蒐集了國內某大型新聞數位資料庫自1951年至2018間的抗爭運動新文後，亦爬梳了國內與抗爭運動有關之研究，整理出既有文獻對臺灣民主化進程中所發生之抗爭運動的分類標準以及分群框架。在釐清了既有文獻的分類標準以及分群框架後，本文便針對所蒐集到抗爭新聞，在經過中文斷詞、向量轉換、降低文本資訊維度等等前置作業後，透過自動化分群的文字探勘技術，將分群結果與既有文獻相互對話。本文對既有文獻的分類標準以及分群框架以及自動化分群結果進行分群數以及分群內容的比較。 本文之研究成果在詮釋不同類型之抗爭運動彼此的消長及其在臺灣民主化進程中的發展脈絡較為合理，並得出以下幾點重要結論：1.既有文獻所指出的幾種抗爭運動如臺灣獨立、反威權、環境、居住正義、勞工抗爭，有其合理性；2.自動化分群的結果在同一種類的抗爭運動中可以觀察到不同價值訴求的差異，這是過去相關研究比較難觀察到的部分；3.本文發現在分群結果中，會出現一些有趣的結果如「議事抗爭」一類的分群，這與我國立法院的生態有關係，常被媒體描述為國會打架等現象；4.與既有文獻的分類標準以及分群框架相比，本文的自動化分群結果不只觸及到抗爭運動本身的目的，更發現了抗爭新聞報導中對於抗爭運動發生過程的描述，甚至在反威權抗爭運動中獨立成一群；5.臺灣獨立運動在2014年太陽花運動後與更多的中國因素相互結合，成為近年來最受臺灣社會關注的議題；6.反威權的價值訴求雖然持續存在於臺灣的民主社會，但呈現逐年降低的趨勢，比起其他價值訴求來說已經不是那麼重要；7.居住正義與環境抗爭的價值訴求，從永續經營、土地正義以及文化因素來看，在臺灣抗爭運動的發展歷史中，兩者具有高度的相關性。

In the short span of half a century, Taiwan has undergone a dramatic change from authoritarianism to a democratic society, whether it is a political system or a social culture. The street protest movement, which is dissatisfied with the masses, plays an important role in this transformation process. This article takes the historical development of the Taiwan resistance movement as the main axis, and explores the relationship between the struggles of different values and demands in the process of democratization in Taiwan. In order to answer this research question, this article collected a large number of domestic news digital database from 1951 to 2018 after the new campaign of resistance, but also combed the domestic research on the anti-competitive movement, sorting out the existing literature on the democratization of Taiwan. The classification criteria and the clustering framework for the protest movements that took place in the process. After clarifying the classification criteria of the existing literature and the grouping framework, this paper aims at the collected news, after the Chinese word-breaking, vector conversion, reducing the text information dimension and so on, through the automated grouping text exploration technology. , the grouping results and the existing literature dialogue. This paper compares the classification criteria of the existing literature with the clustering framework and the automated clustering results and the grouping content. This paper does find the clustering number and grouping framework different from the existing literature in the grouping results of the competition news. The classification criteria, and found that the research results of this paper are more reasonable in interpreting the growth and decline of different types of protest movements and their development in the process of democratization in Taiwan. The following conclusions are drawn from the disease: 1. The existing literature points out Several kinds of resistance movements such as Taiwan independence, anti-authoritarianism, environment, residence justice, and labor resistance have their rationality; 2. The results of automated clustering can observe differences in different value appeals in the same kind of protest movement, which is related in the past. The study is more difficult to observe; 3. This paper finds that in the clustering results, there will be some interesting results such as 'discussion', which is related to the ecology of the Legislative Yuan of China, and is often described by the media as a fight in Congress. ; 4. Compared with the classification criteria of existing literature and the grouping framework, the automation of this paper The result not only touched the purpose of the struggle movement itself, but also found a description of the process of the protest movement in the protest news report, and even became a group in the anti-authoritarian struggle movement; 5. The Taiwan independence movement after the 2014 Sun Flower Movement and more The combination of many Chinese factors has become the most concerned topic in Taiwan in recent years. 6. Although the value appeal of anti-authoritarianism persists in Taiwan's democratic society, it shows a trend of decreasing year by year, which is no longer compared with other value claims. So important; 7. The value appeal of residence justice and environmental resistance, from the perspective of sustainable management, land justice and cultural factors, in the development history of the Taiwan resistance movement, the two have a high correlation.