臺灣常用農業藥劑的藥效與藥害可能性之研究

Abstract

植物病蟲害管理策略的優劣，會直接影響作物產量與景觀價值的高低，因此植物醫師與樹木醫師最重要的工作，就是提供客戶一個好的病蟲害管理策略。此策略須建立在可靠的數學模之上，而該模型的產生，是來自於科學的植物流行病學與植醫經濟學之研究。 本研究建立起兩種數學模型，用於設計病蟲管理策略。第一，在適當的病蟲害管理策略之下，病害防治率平均值為54％，用於預測產量增加的變化量，可協助植物醫師及樹木醫師預測防治效果。第二，使用修正係數0.0868，可將農業藥劑委託試驗報告之理論防治率，推算出實際防治率，可以協助植物醫師及樹木醫師藥劑的選擇。 藥害可能性研究方面，發現許多種高濃度的農業藥劑，不會對柑桔類產生任何藥害。此外，篩選出酢醬草為藥害敏感指標性植物，可作為日後藥害測試之模式植物。

The quality of plant pest management strategies will directly affect the crop yield and landscape value. Therefore, the most important work of plant doctors and tree doctors is to provide customers with a good pest management strategy. This strategy must be based on a reliable mathematical model derived from the scientific study of plant epidemiology and plant medicine economics. This study establishes two mathematical models for designing pest management strategies. First, in the appropriate pest management strategy, the average disease control rate is 54%, which is used to predict the change in yield increase, which can help plant doctorsa and the tree doctor predict the control effect. Second, using the correction factor of 0.0868, the theoretical control rate of the agricultural drug commissioned test report can be used to derive the actual prevention rate, which can assist the plant doctors and tree doctors with choosing pesticides. In the study of the possibility of phytotoxicity, many kinds of high-concentration agricultural medicinal agents were found, which did not cause any phytotoxicity to citrus. In addition, the selection of the herbaceous plant is a sensitive plant with phytotoxicity and can be used as a model plant for future phytotoxicity testing.