以剪力波與超音波彈性影像探討不同運動類型對肌肉硬度之影響—橫斷研究

Abstract

研究目的：本研究以超音波應力彈性成像 (strain elastography) 與剪力波 (shear wave elastography) 探討不同類型之規律運動對肌肉硬度的影響，並進一步討論兩種肌肉硬度測量方法之間的相關性，以及肌肉硬度和有氧運動表現的相關性。研究方法：本研究為橫斷式研究，共招募54位年齡介於20至40歲之間的健康成年男性，依運動習慣分為阻力訓練組 (N = 18)、有氧訓練組 (N = 18) 以及無規律運動組 (N = 18)。使用超音波儀器蒐集肱二頭肌以及股直肌之肌肉硬度，並使用腳踏車功率器 (Wattbike) 進行有氧運動能力測試。結果：規律阻力訓練組的肌肉硬度顯著高於另外兩組 (p ≤ 0.001)。另外，在肱二頭肌肌肉硬度指標中，兩種超音波肌肉硬度測量方式之間呈現中度相關。有氧運動表現指標中的peak power與肌肉硬度具中度相關 (r = 0.303)；relative mean power與肌肉硬度具中度負相關 (r = −0.331)。結論：長期進行規律阻力訓練者肌肉硬度可能較高。當剪力波技術無法取得時，應力彈性成像可以做為測量肌肉硬度的另一種替代方案。

Purpose: This study investigated the effect of different habitual exercise on muscle stiffness through ultrasound strain elastography and shear wave elastography (SWE). It further-examined the correlation between two different measuring methods and the correlation between aerobic performance and muscle stiffness. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted on a total of 54 healthy adult males (aged 20-40 years) with different exercise habits, including participants who practice regular resistance training (RRT, N = 18), regular aerobic training (RAT, N = 18), and the non-exercisers (NE, N = 18). The muscle stiffness data of biceps brachii muscle and rectus femoris muscle were collected by an ultrasound system, and the aerobic performance was tested on the Wattbike. Result: RRT group had a significantly higher muscle stiffness than the other groups (p ≤ 0.001). There was a moderate correlation between two stiffness measuring methods of the biceps brachii muscle. Peak power (PP) and relative mean power (RMP) are indicators of aerobic performance. PP showed a moderate correlation with strain rate (r = 0.303), and RMP showed a moderate negative correlation with strain rate (r = −0.331). Conclusion: Habitual participation in RRT exercise was associated with higher muscle stiffness. Strain elastography might be an alternative stiffness measuring method when shear wave elastography is not available.