請用此 Handle URI 來引用此文件:
http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/73804完整後設資料紀錄
| DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
|---|---|---|
| dc.contributor.advisor | 張文貞 | |
| dc.contributor.author | Wan-Ni Lin | en |
| dc.contributor.author | 林宛霓 | zh_TW |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2021-06-17T08:10:38Z | - |
| dc.date.available | 2020-08-20 | |
| dc.date.copyright | 2019-08-20 | |
| dc.date.issued | 2019 | |
| dc.date.submitted | 2019-08-15 | |
| dc.identifier.citation | 一、 中文文獻
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Retrieved from https://edition.cnn.com/2012/12/08/opinion/piccone-senate-rights/ Ramsey, M. (June 9, 2015). Symposium: Justice Thomas gets it right in Zivotofsky, Supreme Court of the United States Blog. Retrieved from https://www.scotusblog.com/2015/06/symposium-justice-thomas-gets-it-right-in-zivotofsky/. (五) 判決 Baker v. Carr, 369. U.S. 196 (1962). Edwards v. Carter, 580 F.2d 1055 (D.C. Cir. 1978). Goldwater v. Carter, 444 U.S. 996 (1979). The Paquet Habana, 175 U.S. 677 (1900). United States v. Belmont, 301 U.S. 324 (1937). United States v. Curtiss-Wright Export Corp, 299 U.S. 304 (1936). Zivotofsky v. Kerry, 576 U.S. 1059; 135 S. Ct. 2076 (2015). Jurisdictional Immunities of the State (Germany v. Italy) (International Court of Justice 2012). Simoncioni v. Repubblica Federale di Germania, corte constituzionale. (Oct 22, 2014), n. 238, Gazzetta Ufficiale [G.U.] (ser. spec.) n. 45, (Oct. 29,2014), I, 1, translated at http://www.cortecostituzionale.it/documenti/download/doc/recent_judgments/S238_2013_en.pdf. (六) 其它文獻 Congressional Research Service, Library of Congress (2001). Treaties and other International Agreements: the role of the United States Senate: a study / prepared for the Committee on Foreign Relations. U.S. Government Printing Office. Washington: DC. Retrieved from https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/CPRT-106SPRT66922/pdf/CPRT-106SPRT66922.pdf. Joint Communiqué on US Arms Sales to Taiwan. (Aug. 17, 1982), 82 Department of State Bullet No. 2067, 20. Kan, S. A. (2014). Taiwan: Major U.S. Arms sales since 1990. Congressional Research Service. Shanghai Communiqué. (Feb. 27, 1971). 66 Department of State Bullet No. 1708, 435. | |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/73804 | - |
| dc.description.abstract | 1979年美國與中華人民共和國建交,片面與中華民國(臺灣)斷交。為維持美國與臺灣間的交流,美國國會不顧總統反對,制定《臺灣關係法》。此後,固然臺美之間不存有外交關係,然藉由《臺灣關係法》,使雙方仍維繫斷交前的關係,甚至相當於存在實質的外交關係,故《臺灣關係法》成為美國與臺灣聯繫的重要法律依據。
傳統國際法與國內法之間的分野分明,不存有灰色地帶。《臺灣關係法》為美國國內法,因此其形式上的法律效力僅及於美國國境之內。不過,《臺灣關係法》是如何以國內法地位卻跨越美國邊境限制,搭起美國與臺灣之間法律關係的橋樑。本文之問題意識為:《臺灣關係法》如何打破傳統國際法與國內法的界線,以國內法地位達到跨國境之影響力?過去學術研究主要針對《臺灣關係法》之制定過程以及其帶來的國防外交與經濟交流面向,然而鮮少有人從法律面向觀察《臺灣關係法》之貢獻。因此,本文以跨國憲政主義之角度觀察《臺灣關係法》之規範與實踐。 本文發現,立法者策略性地在《臺灣關係法》使用不明確的字眼,以緩和國際與國內政治衝突的張力。《臺灣關係法》透過「美國在臺協會」的設置,以民間團體的地位,模糊了公、私部門之間的界線。在其經營之下,即使不存在國際外交關係,也能達到臺美之間聯繫延續的效果。此外,《臺灣關係法》也開創總統與國會共享的外交事務權。《臺灣關係法》「國內法國際法化」的優點為具有直接民主正當性。甚者,相較於國際條約,國內法的修改較簡便,更能適應國家外交政策與政治環境的變遷。因此,在規範設計上,《臺灣關係法》能作為國家對外事務規範框架的典範。 不過,面對總統與國會之間的權力鬥爭,由於《臺灣關係法》模棱兩可的文字,因此能透過不同角度解釋與適用《臺灣關係法》,不免導致其無法發揮實際的功能。尤其經過政黨輪替,在不同政黨歧異的對外政策的情形下,《臺灣關係法》難免基於政黨的政治理念,在利益權衡之下,做出相異的外交決策,使得《臺灣關係法》的實踐具有高度不穩定性。最後,雖然《臺灣關係法》並非國際條約,因此臺灣無法經由傳統國際法紛爭解決機制要求美國履行《臺灣關係法》,然而臺灣仍得以透過民間團體藉由國內政治體系的方式實踐《臺灣關係法》的義務。 | zh_TW |
| dc.description.abstract | In 1979, the United States established diplomatic relations with the People’s Republic of China and ended them with the Republic of China (Taiwan). To maintain the relationship with Taiwan, regardless of the manifest objection from the Executive, the Congress enacted the Taiwan Relations Act (TRA). Even though there is no diplomatic tie between the U.S. and Taiwan, TRA is designed as the legal basis to connect the tie between them.
The distinction between international and domestic law is usually seen as black and white. In theory, TRA as domestic law can only have legal effects within the boundary of the U.S. However, TRA has always had transnational influences and even bridged the connection between the U.S. and Taiwan. The research question is: How does TRA with legal status as domestic law have transnational influences? In this article, I will examine the legal norms and effects of TRA in the perspective of transnational constitutionalism. I discovered that the congressmen strategically utilized ambiguous wordings to alleviate the strains in international and domestic politics. With the foundation of the American Institute in Taiwan, it blurs the division between public and private sectors. It successfully extends the U.S.-Taiwan relations in the absence of diplomatic relations. Moreover, TRA embodies the shared foreign relations authorities between Congress and the Executive. Compared to international law, the “Internationalization of Domestic Law” of TRA has the feature of democratic legitimacy and more feasible procedural process of amendment. Yet, TRA still has its challenges. In the face of struggles between the President and the Congress, the vague wording of TRA can be manipulated and explained in different perspectives. Therefore, with party alterations between varying parties with opposing political interests, TRA may fail to achieve its purposes. Finally, since TRA is not an international treaty, Taiwan could not request the U.S. to fulfill its obligation under international law. However, TRA can still be implemented under the lobbying of nongovernmental organizations via the domestic political mechanism. | en |
| dc.description.provenance | Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-17T08:10:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ntu-108-R05a21012-1.pdf: 2579266 bytes, checksum: 6caaf9d76c717122300fcbe3b01d5386 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2019 | en |
| dc.description.tableofcontents | 簡目
第一章 緒論 1 1.1. 問題意識 1 1.2. 文獻回顧 4 1.3. 研究範圍 12 1.4. 研究方法與研究架構 13 第二章 國家對外建立關係的法律規範與實踐 17 2.1. 國際法規範與問題挑戰 17 2.2. 憲法規範與問題挑戰 32 2.3. 跨國憲政主義的概述 42 2.4. 小結 44 第三章 美國對外關係的規範與實踐 47 3.1. 對外關係的權限劃分 47 3.2. 美國聯邦憲法規範 59 3.3. 國際法在美國的理論與實踐 67 3.4. 小結 73 第四章 美國的對臺關係——以臺灣關係法為例 75 4.1. 臺灣關係法的誕生 75 4.2. 臺灣關係法的憲法上爭議與規範內容 82 4.3. 臺灣關係法的特色 92 4.4. 小結 101 第五章 跨國憲政主義下的臺灣關係法 103 5.1. 臺灣關係法的相對性 104 5.2. 特色 121 5.3. 功能 129 5.4. 挑戰 137 第六章 結論 146 6.1. 本文發現 146 6.2. 未來研究方向 149 參考文獻 151 第一章 緒論 1 1.1. 問題意識 1 1.2. 文獻回顧 4 1.2.1. 《臺灣關係法》的背景脈絡 4 1.2.2. 《臺灣關係法》在國防戰略、外交等領域的重要性 6 1.2.3. 從《臺灣關係法》觀察美、中、臺三方的國際政治 7 1.2.4. 跨國憲政主義 9 1.2.5. 本文之定位 11 1.3. 研究範圍 12 1.4. 研究方法與研究架構 13 第二章 國家對外建立關係的法律規範與實踐 17 2.1. 國際法規範與問題挑戰 17 2.1.1. 條約法公約規範 18 2.1.1.1. 條約締結 19 2.1.1.2. 條約終止 22 2.1.1.3. 小結 23 2.1.2. 國際法實踐的問題與挑戰 24 2.1.2.1. 國際法的統一性瓦解 24 2.1.2.2. 國際法的實效性 26 2.1.2.3. 國際法的行動者破碎 28 2.1.2.4. 小結 32 2.2. 憲法規範與問題挑戰 32 2.2.1. 憲法規範 32 2.2.2. 憲法實踐的問題與挑戰 35 2.2.2.1. 對外關係的規範欠缺 36 2.2.2.2. 國家主權的削弱 36 2.2.2.3. 直接民主原則的侵蝕 39 2.2.2.4. 政府遞嬗牽動國家對外之義務 40 2.3. 跨國憲政主義的概述 42 2.3.1. 跨國憲政主義的介紹 42 2.3.2. 跨國憲政主義的反向思考 44 2.4. 小結 44 第三章 美國對外關係的規範與實踐 47 3.1. 對外關係的權限劃分 47 3.1.1. 憲法規範 48 3.1.2. 法院裁判 52 3.2. 美國聯邦憲法規範 59 3.2.1. 條約締結 60 3.2.2. 條約終止 63 3.2.3. 美國模式的「行政協定」 65 3.3. 國際法在美國的理論與實踐 67 3.3.1. 國際法與國內法之關係 68 3.3.2. 國際法在美國的實踐 70 3.3.3. 以國內法取代國際法 72 3.4. 小結 73 第四章 美國的對臺關係——以臺灣關係法為例 75 4.1. 臺灣關係法的誕生 75 4.1.1. 美國與中華人民共和國的建交 75 4.1.2. 美國政治部門間的角力 79 4.2. 臺灣關係法的憲法上爭議與規範內容 82 4.2.1. 臺灣關係法的憲法上的問題 82 4.2.2. 臺灣關係法的規範內容 85 4.2.2.1. 國防安全 85 4.2.2.2. 商業貿易 88 4.2.2.3. 美國在臺協會 89 4.2.2.4. 國會監督 91 4.3. 臺灣關係法的特色 92 4.3.1. 模糊的語言文字 92 4.3.2. 對臺關係的規範架構 93 4.3.3. 多元的行動者 94 4.4. 小結 101 第五章 跨國憲政主義下的臺灣關係法 103 5.1. 臺灣關係法的相對性 104 5.1.1. 建交與斷交的相對性 104 5.1.2. 公部門與私部門的相對性 106 5.1.3. 總統與國會的相對性 116 5.2. 特色 121 5.2.1. 以模糊語言適應譎變的國際情勢 122 5.2.2. 產生跨國性效力與效應 125 5.2.3. 彌補民主赤字與國會監督課責 127 5.3. 功能 129 5.3.1. 取代國際的外交關係 130 5.3.2. 取得雙元民主的外交事務權限 132 5.3.3. 提供彈性的外交事務規範架構 134 5.3.4. 小結:國內法國際法化的新典範 136 5.4. 挑戰 137 5.4.1. 總統與國會的權力競逐 138 5.4.2. 政黨輪替 139 5.4.3. 以內國政治系統要求履行《臺灣關係法》 142 5.4.4. 小結 145 第六章 結論 146 6.1. 本文發現 146 6.2. 未來研究方向 149 參考文獻 151 | |
| dc.language.iso | zh-TW | |
| dc.subject | 臺灣關係法 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 臺美關係 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 國際法與國內法 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 跨國憲政主義 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 總統與國會權力分立 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 美國憲法 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | U.S. Constitution | en |
| dc.subject | the separation of powers between the President and the Congress | en |
| dc.subject | Transnational Constitutionalism | en |
| dc.subject | U.S.-Taiwan Relations | en |
| dc.subject | International and Domestic Law | en |
| dc.subject | Taiwan Relations Act | en |
| dc.title | 國際法與國內法交錯的《臺灣關係法》——跨國憲政主義視角的分析 | zh_TW |
| dc.title | Between International and Domestic Law: Taiwan Relations Act in the Perspective of Transnational Constitutionalism | en |
| dc.type | Thesis | |
| dc.date.schoolyear | 107-2 | |
| dc.description.degree | 碩士 | |
| dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 葉俊榮,林建志 | |
| dc.subject.keyword | 臺灣關係法,國際法與國內法,跨國憲政主義,臺美關係,美國憲法,總統與國會權力分立, | zh_TW |
| dc.subject.keyword | Taiwan Relations Act,International and Domestic Law,Transnational Constitutionalism,U.S.-Taiwan Relations,U.S. Constitution,the separation of powers between the President and the Congress, | en |
| dc.relation.page | 169 | |
| dc.identifier.doi | 10.6342/NTU201903643 | |
| dc.rights.note | 有償授權 | |
| dc.date.accepted | 2019-08-16 | |
| dc.contributor.author-college | 法律學院 | zh_TW |
| dc.contributor.author-dept | 法律學研究所 | zh_TW |
| 顯示於系所單位: | 法律學系 | |
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