撒奇萊雅族撒固兒部落民族植物之研究

Abstract

本研究旨在記錄撒奇萊雅族撒固兒部落的民族植物，並運用參與式行動研究的流程途徑，來建構與評估一個可以持續擾動部落的民族植物調查機制。本研究自2017年10月至2018年7月，在撒固兒部落採集撒奇萊雅族民族植物，並以參與觀察法、焦點團體法及訪談法，進行民族植物及其相關資訊的記錄。研究後半期，則採參與式行動研究的作法，與部落討論撒奇萊雅族民族植物的調查機制，並評估與探討其持續擾動部落的可能性。 研究共訪談9位報導人，記錄66科174種植物，其中食用植物共有49科118種為分類項中最多，次之為用具植物有28科51種，其餘依序為儀式植物有14科25種、藥用植物有18科23種、建材植物有16科23種、庭院植物有13科16種、衣飾植物有10科12種、童玩植物有8科11種、農業植物有8科11種、其他植物有8科10種、狩獵植物有7科9種，以及交易植物有4科5種。 以撒固兒部落文化健康照顧站及瀕危語言復振計畫為夥伴，本研究初步測試與評估，認為將民族植物調查機制與課程及參與的耆老和學員結合，或許可在撒固兒部落建立一個長期能傳承與保存撒奇萊雅族民族植物知識的方法。

The objectives of this study were to record Ethnobotany of Sakizaya in Sakul tribe, and applied to Participatory Action Research method to construct and evaluate a sustainable Ethnobotanical approach, which can continuously disturb the tribe. This study investigated and collected the plants associated with the living and the culture of Sakizaya tribe from October 2017 to March 2018 in Hualien County. Participant Observation, Interview and Focus Group were used to record Ethnobotany of Sakizaya and its related resources. The second half of the study contains Participatory Action Research method, discussion through Ethnobotanical approach for Sakizaya in Sakul tribe and evaluation of the possibility of continuously tribal disturbance. This study interviewed 9 informants and recorded 66 families and 174 species of plants. Among the categories of use, 49 families 118 species were used as food, 28 families 51 species as living utensils, 14 families 25 species as ceremony, 18 families 23 species as medicines, 16 families 23 species as architectural utensils, 13 families 16 species as garden, 10 families 12 species as weaving materials, 8 families 11 species as toys, 8 families 11 species as agricultural material, 8 families 10 species as the other utilizations, 7 families 9 species as hunting and 4 families 5 species as exchange. Having Sakul tribe Cultural Health Station and the Revitalization of Endangered Language Project work together, the study found that the integration of Ethnobotanical approach and people participate in the course is a promising long-term approach to impart and conserve Sakizaya culture and knowledge.