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| DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
|---|---|---|
| dc.contributor.advisor | 顏瑞泓 | |
| dc.contributor.author | Yu-Hsuan Chan | en |
| dc.contributor.author | 詹于漩 | zh_TW |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2021-06-17T07:04:25Z | - |
| dc.date.available | 2024-07-31 | |
| dc.date.copyright | 2019-07-31 | |
| dc.date.issued | 2019 | |
| dc.date.submitted | 2019-07-29 | |
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Uniconazole-induced alleviation of freezing injury in relation to changes in hormonal balance, enzyme activities and lipid peroxidation in winter rape. Plant Growth Regul, 26(1), 41-47. | |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/72719 | - |
| dc.description.abstract | 目前約有 30 % 農藥，成分為一個或多個鏡像異構物混合組成可稱為掌性農藥。巴克素 (Paclobutrazol, PBZ) 為三唑類農藥中的掌性農藥，可作為植物生長調節劑和殺菌劑使用。在台灣巴克素使用的相當普遍，主要用於矮化，屬殘長效性農藥，因此值得深入探討此方面研究。本研究目的為比較巴克素鏡像異構物及消旋體對阿拉伯芥以及小球藻的毒性差異，以利未來更審慎評估減少掌性農藥使用。本研究建立三唑類植物生長調節劑巴克素之鏡像異構物分離方法，研究其消旋體及不同鏡像異構物對目標生物阿拉伯芥及非目標生物小球藻的影響。利用高效液相層析方法搭配 Chiralcel® OJ-H 對掌性管柱，動相為正己烷/異丙醇 (90/10,v/v)，流速1 ml min-1之條件下，可得到有效率之巴克素異構物分離方法。以高效液相層析儀、氣相層析質譜儀、圓二色光譜分析儀及旋光度計鑑定後得到收集巴克素的鏡像異構物分別為 (2R,3R,+)-巴克素及 (2S,3S,－)-巴克素 (peak1 和 peak2)，純度達 99 %。阿拉伯芥在相同濃度的巴克素消旋體及其鏡像異構物 20 天後，外觀變化、生理指標或氧化逆境中，(2S,3S,－)-巴克素抑制植物生長顯著，例如植物面積較小。葉綠素含量、脯氨酸以及丙二醛濃度明顯提升，顯示 (2S,3S,－)-巴克素會造成阿拉伯芥較顯著逆境。且活性氧相對含量、抗氧化酵素比活性也都有相同趨勢，(2R,3R,+)-巴克素與控制組相比則無顯著差異。而 (2R,3R,+)-巴克素具有促進植物生長的現象，例如：葉片面積、根部鮮重顯著增加，與 (2S,3S,－)-巴克素相比，鏡像異構物間具相反效用。水生環境中小球藻，毒性為 (2R,3R,+)-巴克素影響較大。故未來具潛力朝單一鏡像異構物 (2S,3S,－)-巴克素農藥進行抑制植物生長的調節劑，或 (2R,3R,+)-巴克素能夠作為促進植物生長的調節劑，對於提高植物生長調節及降低農藥使用量皆有明顯的效用。此外 (2S,3S,－)-巴克素對非目標生物影響較小，具降低農藥風險能力。 | zh_TW |
| dc.description.abstract | From an environmentally-friendly perspective, it is ideal to eliminate an enantiomer of a less dominant activity, leaving another with higher activity. This may potentially reduce pollution and the amount of pesticide used, improve target specificity and promote sustainability. Paclobutrazol is one type that is used as both plant growth regulator and fungicide. It is frequently used in Taiwan and due to its long residual action, becomes critically researched plant growth regulator. The purpose of this study is to compare the toxicity between racemate paclobutrazol and its enantiomers on Arabidopsis thaliana and Chlorella vulgaris in order to carefully assess the future use of chiral pesticides. In this study, the effects of liquid chromatographic mobile phase composition and flow rate on separation efficiency were investigated, and the enantiomers were also collected to study the enantioselective effects of paclobutrazol. Successful enantiomeric separation of paclobutrazol by HPLC equipped with a chiral selective column was performed. The separated enantiomers were characterized by HPLC, GC-MS, CD spectrum and polarimeter. The purity of these enantiomers were 99%. The selective effects of the enantiomers of paclobutrazol on wild type A. thaliana were investigated. The appearance, physiological metabolism or oxidative stress were significantly affected by (2S,3S,-)-Paclobutrazol compared to (2R,3R,+)-Paclobutrazol. The leaf area were smaller, and moderation effect were more significant. The chlorophyll, proline content and MDA concentration were increased. ROS and antioxidant enzymes had the same trend. (2R,3R,+)-Paclobutrazol had no difference compared to control. Paclobutrazol inhibited the growth of C. vulgaris, and their IC50 values following the order: (2R,3R,+)-Paclobutrazol < (2S,3S,-)-Paclobutrazol. As such, this result showed a potential of developing effective paclobutrazol using only enantiomers of higher activities, thereby reducing usage amount and risk of pollution. | en |
| dc.description.provenance | Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-17T07:04:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ntu-108-R06623003-1.pdf: 2363785 bytes, checksum: 25a89a7e7040571ca2df32dc743cd9cd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2019 | en |
| dc.description.tableofcontents | 目錄
中文摘要 I 英文摘要 II 目錄 III 圖目錄 VII 表目錄 IX 壹、 前言 1 1.1 前人研究 1 1.2 農藥與環境的關係 2 1.3 鏡像異構物與農藥之關聯 3 1.4 立體異構物的特性 5 1.5 生活中的鏡像異構物 12 1.6 三唑類農藥殺菌劑與植物生長調節劑 14 1.7 植物生長調節劑巴克素對目標生物的影響 20 貳、 研究目的 24 肆、 材料與方法 26 4.1 植物生長調節劑巴克素鏡像異構物之分離與鑑定 26 4.2 供試植物之栽培 29 4.3 巴克素及其鏡像異構物對種子品質分析 31 4.4 巴克素及其鏡像異構物對阿拉伯芥之生理影響 33 4.5 活性氧化物分析 35 4.6 酵素活性分析 35 4.7 非目標水生生物之半抑制濃度試驗(IC50) 38 4.8 統計分析 41 伍、 結果與討論 42 5.1 三唑類植物生長調節劑巴克素的分離與收集 42 5.1.1. 管柱之測試 42 5.1.2. 高效液相層析儀動相之調整 42 5.1.3. 高效液相層析儀波長之調整 43 5.1.4. 高效液相層析儀流速之調整 43 5.1.5. 鏡像異構物之收集與鑑定 43 5.2 巴克素及其鏡像異構物對阿拉伯芥之生理影響 52 5.2.1. 野生型阿拉伯芥的外表觀察 52 5.2.2. 野生型阿拉伯芥的葉片面積變化 52 5.2.3. 野生型阿拉伯芥的相對含水量觀察 53 5.3 巴克素及其鏡像異構物對阿拉伯芥之繁殖器官影響 59 5.3.1 野生型阿拉伯芥的開花時機 59 5.3.2 野生型阿拉伯芥的種子效率 59 5.4 巴克素及其鏡像異構物對阿拉伯芥之生理變化分析 63 5.4.1 野生型阿拉伯芥的葉綠素含量 63 5.4.2 野生型阿拉伯芥的脯氨酸含量 64 5.4.3 野生型阿拉伯芥的丙二醛濃度 65 5.5 巴克素及其鏡像異構物對阿拉伯芥的氧化逆境分析 69 5.5.1 活性氧化物質 69 5.5.2 超氧化物歧化酶比活性 70 5.5.3 過氧化氫酶比活性 71 5.5.4 抗壞血酸過氧化酶比活性 72 5.6 巴克素及其鏡像異構物對小球藻之慢毒性影響 77 陸、 結論 80 柒、 參考文獻 82 | |
| dc.language.iso | zh-TW | |
| dc.subject | 掌性農藥 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 巴克素 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 鏡像選擇性 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 植物生長調節劑 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | Paclobutrazol | en |
| dc.subject | Chiral pesticide | en |
| dc.subject | Plant growth regulator | en |
| dc.subject | Enantioselectivity | en |
| dc.title | 植物生長調節劑巴克素
對阿拉伯芥以及小球藻之鏡像選擇性影響 | zh_TW |
| dc.title | Enantioselective effects of plant growth regulator paclobutrazol on Arabidopsis thaliana and Chlorella vulgaris | en |
| dc.type | Thesis | |
| dc.date.schoolyear | 107-2 | |
| dc.description.degree | 碩士 | |
| dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 何明勳,蔣永正,羅正宗,陳玟瑾 | |
| dc.subject.keyword | 掌性農藥,巴克素,鏡像選擇性,植物生長調節劑, | zh_TW |
| dc.subject.keyword | Chiral pesticide,Paclobutrazol,Enantioselectivity,Plant growth regulator, | en |
| dc.relation.page | 90 | |
| dc.identifier.doi | 10.6342/NTU201901921 | |
| dc.rights.note | 有償授權 | |
| dc.date.accepted | 2019-07-29 | |
| dc.contributor.author-college | 生物資源暨農學院 | zh_TW |
| dc.contributor.author-dept | 農業化學研究所 | zh_TW |
| 顯示於系所單位： | 農業化學系 | |
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