高壓電路模組的開發及其在以微電漿光譜技術為核心之可攜式水中重金屬檢測裝置之應用

Abstract

常壓下微電漿系統因不需在低壓至真空環境下操作、電漿放電體積小，所以可大幅降低昂貴的設備成本與提供較高可攜性質。本研究為結合自製高壓電路模組與手機式光譜儀之裝置，調控電路模組內元件使終端電漿輸出功率提升以提高光譜分析時金屬的強度，並利用自製單色儀結合智慧型手機以便收取電漿光源，進而分析金屬光譜，整個裝置提供了水溶液重金屬檢測的可能性。本研究之自製高壓電路模組屬於DC to DC的升壓模組，其電路配置由振盪電路、變壓器與倍壓電路組成。振盪電路將電流轉換為交流電，接著經由變壓器的固定線圈數升壓，最後再以兩倍壓電路進行倍壓與整流，使最後輸出為高壓直流電。此外，上述組成電路三大區域中以調控振盪電路部分之元件為主要研究方向，並探討模組外串聯電感或鎮流電阻對於電漿電壓電流影響。本研究使用針尖至水溶液微電漿系統，裝置由金屬針與銅極組成，定義針尖為高壓端，銅極上濾紙內之待測溶液為低壓端，以電漿高能量密度性質使待測溶液汽化與激發，並使用光纖收取溶液內之重金屬元素激發後放出之特徵光，最後利用光譜分析溶液內之重金屬。本研究利用上述實驗結果結合微電漿裝置與智慧型手機為可攜式重金屬檢測器，使用行動電源提供5 V直流電，經由高壓模組輸出高壓直流電以產生電漿，電漿光源首先通過狹縫成為平行光，接著通過光柵產生繞射並分光於手機內部感光元件，此時透過手機內相機拍照擷取，再以程式語言判斷分析，即可定性溶液內金屬元素。

The microplasma system under normal pressure does not need to operate in a low-pressure to vacuum environment, and the plasma discharge volume is small, so the cost of the equipment can be greatly reduced and the high portability can be provided. This study combines a home-made high voltage circuit module with a smartphone spectrometer device, and regulates the components in the circuit module to increase the output power of the plasma to improve the intensity of the metal during spectral analysis, and combines the smartphone with a home-made monochromator to collect plasma source, which provides the possibility of heavy metal detection in aqueous solution.The home-made high voltage circuit module of this research belongs to DC to DC boost module, and its circuit configuration is composed of oscillating circuit, transformer and voltage doubler circuit.The oscillating circuit converts the DC input into AC, then boosts voltage through transformer. Finally the AC voltage is doubled and rectified with a doubler voltage circuit, so the final output is high DC voltage. In addition, in the above three components of the circuit, the components of the oscillating circuit are mainly studied, and the influence of the series inductance or ballast resistance on the plasma voltage and current is investigated. A needle tip to aqueous microplasma system was used. The device consisted of a metal needle and a copper. The tip of the needle was defined as a high voltage end, and the solution to be tested in the filter paper on the copper was a low voltage end. The high energy density property of the plasma vaporized the solution to be tested. A optical fiber was used to collect the characteristic light emitted by the excitation of heavy metal element in the solution: the emission spectra were used for the analyze of the heavy metal in the solution. Furthermore, a smartphone were used as a portable heavy metal detector. A mobile power supply was used to provide 5 V DC power, and outputs high DC voltage via a high-voltage module was used to generate plasma. The plasma light source first passed through the slit and became parallel light which was and then diffracted by the grating and split into the photosensitive element inside the smartphone. The photography was taken by the smart phone and was analyzed determine the metal elements in the solution.