企業IT雲端化之分析以製造業及金融業為例

Abstract

根據CIO雜誌與CIO協會每年做的CIO大調查報告，其中製造業與金融業是對於IT雲端化較早導入以及投資金額較高的。同時依據IDC第三平台的內容:雲端、大數據、社群、行動應用，其中雲端是其他三項的重要建構基礎。 故選定製造業與金融業各三家上市公司的CIO，採取一對一訪談方式。從企業在管理上的目標、計畫、預算、組織、人力、績效等議題架構下，進一步把與IT有的關聯項目訂出。以符合IT策略與企業策略一致的精神，再每個議題中訂出具體問題項目，用在四大部分的訪談結果分析呈現。最後的結論整理出項目是從訪談六位CIO的四大部分內容中歸納出與三家製造業公司與三家金融公司在IT策略與企業策略上所採用或達成的項目歸納結果，其中第四部份會以IDC第三平台的4點為歸納項目。第一部分:動機與原因開始，對於計劃要導入雲端運算架構的計劃以及CIO提出的整體計畫，定案的目標與執行時程?第二部分:雲端運算架構的實踐過程，企業組織的運作流程以及部門與人力配置會有所改變? 第三部分:就整個雲端運算架構的執行結果，是否有達到當初計畫的目標與人力技術等方面是否也依照計畫進行，在公司組織營運上有任何價值產生? 第四部份:有達成或未達成預期計畫目標，原因為何？有任何創新之處嗎? 三家製造業雲端化的分析： 其中有兩家(M1及M3)都是因為與本身製造相關的IT系統面臨要升級或轉型的問題，所以才去研究思考是否採用雲端運算的架構，最後也都將原來的ERP系統改變為雲端運算架構，這兩家製造業原來的ERP系統建構方式也不相同，M1是採購SAP的系統，另一家M3則是完全自己開發，這也直接影響接下來兩家公司進入雲端運算的策略差異之處，M2則是將整個辦公室軟體自動化與資訊化的架構轉換成為公有雲的架構。 三家金融業雲端化的分析 根據實際深入訪談結果比較分析後可以發現，金融業雲端運算架構都是委由供應商提供服務，所以對於供應商的技術能力非常重視。F1公司因為CIO因為內部溝通問題而讓專案延後2年完成，這是金融業CIO要很注意的點。三家公司都在節省成本的效果明顯且三家都採用私有雲，同時全部強調資料的集中化管理分析 。資料都是在自己建置的儲存中心，基於安全考量都不去租用公有資料中心。對於備援與安全性的要求都列為雲端化後必須要滿足的第一要項。

According to the annual research report made by the CIO Magazine and the CIO Association, manufacturing and financial industries shifted IT into clould much earlier and invested more. The cloud is also an important base for big data, social media and applications. Therefore we invited three listed companies’ CIO from each industry, set out some questions for business management and associate them with IT, which then concluded into four parts: First, as to shifting in to cloud, what is our purpose and when to execute? Second, will it change the flow of the enterprise or HR distribution? Third: will cloud computing meet our project goals while carrying out each plan we made, and also add value on operations? Forth: what is the reason for achieving the goals (or otherwise)? Is there any innovation involved? Company M1 and M3 changed their original ERP systems to cloud computing, the former used the SAP system while the latter developed on their own, which affects their strategy later in cloud computing. M2 on the other hand automized their office and turned into cloud structure. After the interview, we found that finance industry outsource their cloud system to manufacturers, so they value their partners very much. CIO of F1 prospone their project due to communication problems, this is crucial for financial industries. Three companies all moved into cloud and central managed their data. They build their data in their own center, and stopped using public data center due to security problems. Therefore the among are the important issues which cloud systems should satisfy their customers.