都市地區流浪犬源頭管理之參與式空間決策支援：以台北都會區為例

Abstract

台灣於2015年修正通過動物保護法，正式廢除收容動物安樂死規定。相應而來的，並不是流浪犬數量的減少，更未見動物境遇的改善。未有系統性、大型絕育計畫的施行，又難以遏止遊蕩犬增加的態勢，形成都市管理難題。流浪犬隻絕育工作的執行，在不同區域，因不同環境變項，有難度落差。以台北都會區（新北市、台北市及基隆市）為例，雖同為都市地區，還是可以由市中心到邊陲、地域或人文景觀態樣單純到複雜，歸納出流浪犬數量多寡和誘捕期程長短，與初步需投入的人力資源多寡。 本研究從質性研究取向開展，藉由文獻回顧、環境踏查、參與式觀察、深入訪談及行動研究等方法獲取資訊；接續以著重環境特性、地理分區乃至空間聚集關係的空間分析與空間決策支援等量化研究方法分析資料，探究近年來台北都會區流浪犬管理課題。 研究發現，藉參與式空間決策支援(PSDS)的提出，除了納入空間思考與地理資訊工具應用，促進事件利害關係人參與、協作外；還可以協助動保人員，建立合理的規劃分析方法，並提供適當的決策輔助資訊。讓流浪犬源頭管理策略，更能彈性適應具有活動力的流浪犬與當前迅速變化的社會經濟環境。

The Animal Protection Act was amended in Taiwan in 2015, which officially abolished the rule of animal euthanasia. However, what followed as a result of the abolition was not a reduction in the number of stray dogs, but the worsening of animal situations in urban area. Although the sterilization strategy was implemented to replace animal euthanasia, the lack of systematic and large-scale execution has rendered more issues for stray-dog management. The challenge behind systematic execution of sterilization lies within the complexity and variance in environmental factors within the urban context. Take Taipei Metropolitan Area (New Taipei City, Taipei City and Keelung City) as an example, the variance in spatial complexity between urban center and borders highly affects stray-dog population, time estimated for trapping, and the amount of human resources it takes to alleviate the stray-dog management issues. This research is qualitative-research oriented and provides information through literature review, environmental survey, participatory observation, in-depth interviews, and action research. Quantitative research follows, using methods such as spatial analysis and spatial decision support, which focus on environmental characteristics, geographical division and spatial aggregation, to analyze the data and explore the management of stray dogs in the Taipei metropolitan area in recent years. Results of this study indicate that the use of participatory spatial decision support (PSDS), with an addition of spatial thinking and geographic information tools, can help facilitate the participation and collaboration of event stakeholders. This improvement also assists the animal protectors to establish a reasonable planning analysis method, and provide appropriate decision support information. The stray-dog management strategies, consequently, could flexibly adapt to the active stray dogs and the rapidly changing socio-economic environment of today.