台灣工具機產業經營發展策略

Abstract

本研究內文分析全球工具機產業概況與總體環境的變動，包含中美貿易戰與中國對台反傾銷調查，接著分析台灣產業結構與現況、過往歷史發展軌跡，並掌握工具機產業未來發展趨勢後，套用五力分析、SWOT分析模型進行競爭分析與策略擬定，於深度訪談三位業界專家後，歸納出幾點經營策略建議予台灣工具機業者。 對大型整機廠的建議為營收規模大型化、高值化、智慧化，透過合適的併購使營收規模適度變大，共享關鍵技術、品牌與市場通路，藉此打入Tier 1的汽車與航太供應鏈，航太供應鏈的打入尚需配合A.I..M大聯盟藉由國家廠商練兵。在智慧製造方面，務實推動大中小套的自動化生產單元，並提供PaaS平台做可視化與透明化的管理；人才方面需培養自己的軟體團隊以因應未來20年商業模式的大改變，並可考慮於下一個世界製造工廠–印度去設廠或是服務據點。 對中小型整機廠的建議為發揮其客製化與彈性，並持續加強機器品質，在技術上與PMC、工研院或海外公司技術轉移；在智慧製造方面，使用已經建好的公版物聯網平台以降低自行開發之成本；在行銷方面勤跑歐美客戶端，嘗試打入Tier 1、2供應鏈，藉由他們對品質之高標準進行磨練。 對政府的建議為在關鍵零組件的研發如軸承、伺服系統上提供更多的資金、技術以加快研發腳步，降低日、德廠商在此的壟斷，並在銷售面上給予業者公平競爭之機會，積極爭取加入CPTPP、RCEP等自由貿易協定。

First, this thesis analyzes the global machine-tool industry overview and macro economy, including US-China trade war and China anti-dumping probe for Taiwan. Second, it analyzes the Taiwan machine-tool industry structure and situation, history development and the future development trend. Next, the thesis uses the five-force analysis and SWOT model to do the competitive analysis and formulate some strategies. After conducting the in-depth interview with three experts, it summarizes several recommendation of business strategy to Taiwan machine-tool companies. For large size companies, the recommendation is to make the revenue bigger, machine-tools smarter and more valuable. It is appropriate to launch some reasonable M&A to increase the revenue base. Besides, it can share the R&D resources, brands and channels. As a result, it can get the access to the Tier 1 supply chain of Aerospace and Automobile. Moreover, attending the A.I.M alliance is necessary to get the access to the Aerospace supply chain. In terms of intelligent manufacturing, companies can develop the large, medium and small FMS equipment to serve their customers. It can also provide a PAAS platform to make visual and transparent management. In aspects of employees, it’s better to foster their own software team to face the big change of business model in machine-tool industry in 20 years. About the factory sites, they can consider to establish factories in India ─ the next World Factory. For medium and small size companies, the recommendation is to make good use of customization and flexibility, enhance the quality of machine and cooperate with PMC, ITRI and foreign companies to transfer some helpful technology. In terms of intelligent manufacturing, the company should use the established PaaS to minimize the development cost. About the marketing, they should actively visit the customers in Europe and U.S., and then try to become the Tier 1 or Tier 2 suppliers. Therefore, they can strongly benefit and increase the quality because of the strict requirements from their customers. For the government, the recommendation is to provide more capital and resources to speed up the R&D of key accessories like bearing, servo system, etc. Finally, government should actively attend the CPTPP and RCEP, giving the domestic companies the fair environment to compete with China and Korea.