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  1. NTU Theses and Dissertations Repository
  2. 生物資源暨農學院
  3. 園藝暨景觀學系
請用此 Handle URI 來引用此文件: http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/70939
完整後設資料紀錄
DC 欄位值語言
dc.contributor.advisor徐源泰(Yuan-Tay Shyu)
dc.contributor.authorMan-Shin Shiuen
dc.contributor.author許嫚芯zh_TW
dc.date.accessioned2021-06-17T04:44:52Z-
dc.date.available2028-08-03
dc.date.copyright2018-08-08
dc.date.issued2018
dc.date.submitted2018-08-02
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dc.identifier.urihttp://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/70939-
dc.description.abstractγ-胺基丁酸 (γ-aminobutyric acid, GABA) 是一種非蛋白質胺基酸,普遍存在於生物體。在動物中,GABA是重要的抑制性神經傳導物質,具有降血壓、緩解憂鬱、調節腎功能等功效,因此備受關注,如何增加食物中的GABA含量成了熱門議題。毛豆是臺灣重要的外銷綠金產業,2017年外銷產量約3.8萬公噸,總金額超過新臺幣25億,含有豐富的營養價值,也是常見豆類中GABA含量較高者。本研究欲探討採收前1~4天之淹水逆境和200、300 MPa的高壓處理對毛豆‘高雄9號’中GABA含量之富化效果及其機轉。以兩階段震盪萃取法萃取GABA有94.05%回收率,且在異日操作間無顯著差異,而管柱前異硫氰酸苯酯 (phenylisothiocyanate, PITC) 衍生化之平均回收率為94.33%,精密度試驗RSD值分別為4.13%、1.80%和2.12%,標準曲線R²值為0.9999,顯示本試驗GABA檢測方式之良好回收率、精密度和穩定性。毛豆‘高雄9號’在不同生長階段中各部位的GABA含量約有50~450 mg/100 g,顯示毛豆的GABA含量確實較一般植物高,其中以毛豆仁的GABA含量最多,根和莖較少。淹水處理可以在不影響顏色、大小、合格莢率、豆仁飽滿度、豆仁硬度及消費者接受度的前提下,使毛豆仁GABA含量顯著增加,淹水1天可達到456.9± 43.4 mg/100g,約提升了90%;而淹水3天後於4℃儲藏3天可以增加153%,GABA含量達576.1± 53.8 mg/100g。高壓的部分,在200、300 MPa高壓處理下可以顯著提升毛豆‘高雄9號’的GABA含量,尤其是200 MPa效果更顯著,可使完整毛豆、毛豆莢、毛豆仁之GABA含量分別提升127%、208%和100%,毛豆仁含量最高,可達到 454.2± 42.4 mg/100g。結合淹水逆境、高壓處理及儲藏處理可得到本研究之最佳GABA富化條件,為毛豆仁淹水逆境3天輔以200 MPa高壓處理後儲藏3天,其富化含量可達696.6 ± 65.7 mg/100 g。機制部分是透過GABA相關酵素之mRNA電泳膠片分析和麩胺酸脫羧酶 (glutamate decarboxylase, GAD) 活性檢測,分別從基因調控和蛋白質活性兩層面去做探討。毛豆仁之GAD5、胺基醛脫氫酶 (aminoaldehyde dehydrogenase, AMADH)、GABA轉胺酶 (GABA transaminase, GABA-T)、琥珀酸半醛脫氫酶 (succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase, SSADH) 酵素之mRNA表現量較其餘酵素高,而淹水1天會使毛豆仁GAD5、AMADH、GABA-T mRNA表現量提高,並使GAD3和SSADH表現量下降,顯示淹水1天可能透過改變GAD5、AMADH和SSADH基因表現量來使GABA含量提高。高壓處理後的GAD酵素活性顯著高於未高壓組,且300 MPa高壓處理提升之幅度顯著優於200 MPa。最佳的GAD酵素活性為300 MPa高壓處理後的完整毛豆,達84.62±0.75 U/mg protein,比對照組和200 MPa高壓處理組分別提升了和207.3% 和145.6%;而毛豆仁的部分,其300 MPa高壓處理組的GAD酵素活性為32.48±0.90 U/mg protein,比200 MPa高壓處理組多了32.9%,顯示高壓處理可透過增加GAD酵素活性來使GABA含量增加。總結而言,毛豆‘高雄9號’經過淹水逆境和高壓處理可以提高其內GABA含量,增加其機能性價值。zh_TW
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dc.description.tableofcontents目錄
謝誌 I
中文摘要 II
Abstract IV
目錄 VII
圖目錄 X
表目錄 XII
第一章、前言 1
第二章、文獻回顧 2
第一節、毛豆 2
1. 介紹 2
2. 營養成分 4
3. 產量及外銷現況 8
第二節、γ-胺基丁酸 GABA 11
1. 簡介 11
2. 生理代謝角色與功能 12
3. 生化代謝合成 15
4. 農業現況應用 19
第三節、淹水逆境 25
1. 對植物的影響 25
2. 提高植物耐受性的做法 30
第四節、高壓處理技術 31
1. 介紹與原理 31
2. 對生物分子的作用機制與影響 32
3. 應用 34
第五節、研究動機與目的 36
第六節、試驗架構 37
第三章、 材料與方法 38
第一節、試驗材料 38
第二節、試驗藥品 38
第三節、儀器與設備 39
第四節、高壓處理及儲藏方法 41
第五節、HPLC分析GABA方法 42
1. GABA檢測方法確立 42
2. GABA萃取方法建立 43
3. 樣品衍生化方法 44
4. 高效能液相層析分析 45
第六節、毛豆品質調查 46
第七節、毛豆品評調查 48
1. 品評法 48
2. 評量方式 48
3. 品評員篩選 48
4. 品評方法 48
第八節、GABA相關酵素之mRNA分析 49
1. 抽取total RNA 49
2. 反轉錄cDNA 49
3. 聚合酶連鎖反應與瓊脂膠體電泳分析 49
第九節、GAD酵素分析 52
1. 製備enzyme extracts 52
2. 定量enzyme extracts總可溶性蛋白質 52
3. 檢測GAD酵素活性 52
第十節、 統計分析 53
第四章、 結果與討論 54
第一節、 GABA檢測方法確立 54
1. GABA的定性 54
2. GABA的定量 54
第二節、 GABA萃取方法確立 58
1. 萃取法試驗 58
2. 萃取回收率試驗 58
3. 萃取精密度試驗 58
第三節、 樣品衍生化方法確立 61
1. 衍生化回收率試驗 61
2. 衍生化精密度試驗 61
第四節、 不同生長階段毛豆‘高雄9號’各部位之GABA含量 63
第五節、 淹水逆境及儲藏對於毛豆‘高雄9號’各部位之GABA含量之影響. 65
第六節、 淹水逆境對於毛豆‘高雄9號’品質之影響 68
第七節、 淹水處理輔以高壓處理及儲藏對毛豆‘高雄9號’GABA含量之影響 80
第八節、 淹水逆境下‘高雄9號’毛豆仁GABA相關酵素mRNA之表現量 86
第九節、 高壓處理對於毛豆‘高雄9號’GAD酵素活性之影響 91
第五章、結論 93
參考資料 95
dc.language.isozh-TW
dc.subject麩胺酸脫羧?zh_TW
dc.subject神經傳導物質zh_TW
dc.subject儲藏處理zh_TW
dc.subject琥珀酸半醛脫氫?zh_TW
dc.subject憂鬱zh_TW
dc.subjectsuccinic semialdehyde dehydrogenaseen
dc.subjectglutamate decarboxylaseen
dc.subjectneurotransmitteren
dc.subjectstorage treatmenten
dc.subjectdepressionen
dc.title淹水逆境輔以高壓處理對提升毛豆γ-胺基丁酸含量之研究zh_TW
dc.titleStudy of flooding stress and high-pressure treatment on the increase of GABA content of vegetable soybean (Glycine max Merr.)en
dc.typeThesis
dc.date.schoolyear106-2
dc.description.degree碩士
dc.contributor.coadvisor吳思節(Sz-Jie Wu)
dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee羅筱鳳(Siao-Fong Lo),劉育姍(Yu-Shan Liu)
dc.subject.keyword麩胺酸脫羧?,神經傳導物質,儲藏處理,琥珀酸半醛脫氫?,憂鬱,zh_TW
dc.subject.keywordglutamate decarboxylase,neurotransmitter,storage treatment,succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase,depression,en
dc.relation.page110
dc.identifier.doi10.6342/NTU201802418
dc.rights.note有償授權
dc.date.accepted2018-08-02
dc.contributor.author-college生物資源暨農學院zh_TW
dc.contributor.author-dept園藝暨景觀學系zh_TW
顯示於系所單位:園藝暨景觀學系

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