以賽局理論探討無人車與共乘服務之營運

Abstract

現今有許多新型態的運輸服務，共享經濟和無人車都是當今十分熱門的新 型態的運輸服務。在本篇研究中，我們討論運輸服務提供者考量提供共乘服務或無人車服務來成為其商業模式。在各項模式中，有許多營運類的決策如定價，補貼，以及車輛數量等，以及一些策略行的決策如無人車站點佈建。我們研究了不同服務下運輸提供者的最適策略，並比較了兩種不同的模式下對服務提供者獲利的差別。在研究中，我們發現無人車服務較共乘服務更具規模經濟，在最適策略下，價格反而會與成本成反比。在這篇研究中，同時也提供了一個最適演算法來計算最佳的無人車站點佈置位置，並且提供時間複雜度的分析，來最佳化運輸服務提供著的最適策略。

Transportation service is rapidly changing in the past few decades. On one hand, ride-sharing services in the sharing economy impact the transportation industry. On the other hand, autonomous vehicles may also revolutionize transportation services. We consider a transportation service provider choosing between offering ride-sharing services or autonomous vehicle services. For each service mode, we derive its optimal prices, subsidies, revenue sharing proportions, the quantity of vehicle deployment, and service location selection. A comparison between these two modes is then conducted. We find that the autonomous vehicle service is more profitable than the ride-sharing one under the economy of scale. Interestingly, the optimal service price decreases in the cost of deploying autonomous vehicles. Our study thus sheds lights in the choice of quality incentive and price incentive and also provide a proper algorithm and time-complexity analysis for an autonomous vehicle service station location selection problem.