應用異質性資料及開放資料架構於自來水管線漏水潛勢推估

Abstract

各國供水管理單位的共同目標為降低漏水率，在目前的解決方案中，主要針對供水管網設施，以監測設備即時監控，再結合分區計量方法，進行漏水推估後，由相關專業人員逐一進行管線檢修漏作業，以及計畫性老舊管線汰換。台灣地區供水管線總長達逾6 萬公里，面對如此龐大的供水系統，若缺乏有效的管線檢漏及汰換方案，除了須耗費高額的維護成本，更造成大量的資源浪費。 據台灣自來水公司統計資料，「荷重振動」是造成管線漏水的首要因子，其指地下管線因路面長期受重型車輛行駛輾壓，及道路工程反覆挖修，間接導致損壞的情形。然而此類資訊因較難以量化分析，經常被忽略，故本研究以大型建築工程之興建為案例，收集建築興造期間，建材經由重型車輛之運輸過程中，產生荷重振動之相關資訊，經標準結構化處理後，以鏈結資料技術進行異質性數據的整合及串流，並建置分析模組，推估工程期間內，路面外力對於管線造成的影響量，找出可能因路面重壓，間接造成管線損壞的區域，輔助供水管理單位管線發掘漏水潛勢區，提供管線檢漏及汰換作業之參考。

Reducing the water leakage rate is the main goal for water supply corporations all over the world. In the current solutions, the leakage rates in the water supply network were estimated by using district metered areas(DMA) and wireless pressure monitoring system. After that, the professionals will conduct leak detection for the high leakage rate area one by one, and plan the replacement for the old pipeline and facilities routinely. In Taiwan, the total length of water supply pipelines has reached more than 60,000 kilometers. To face such a huge water supply system, if there is no effective solutions for leak detection and replacement, it will cost a lot of budgets for maintenance, and a large amount of water resources will be wasted. According to the statistics of the Taiwan Water corporation, 'load vibration' is the primary factor causing water leakage in pipelines. It refers to the situation in which underground pipelines are indirectly damaged due to the long-term driving pressure of heavy vehicles and the repairs of roads repeatedly. However, these information is often difficult to quantify and is often overlooked. Therefore, this study takes large-scale building construction projects as a case to collect information on load vibrations during the transportation of building materials through heavy vehicles, and proposes a structure for data standardization. In this structure, the heterogeneous data from different domain will be standardized, integrated and republished by introducing into semantic-web concept and linked data technology. In addition, there is also a spatial analysis module designed for estimating the influence of the external loads on the pipeline during the construction period, and trying to find out the potential areas where might be heavily stressed and broken indirectly. These information and result will finally provide to the water supply corporation improving on leak detection and tasks of pipeline replacement .