人體骨骼肌肉調理從業人員證照管理之探討

Abstract

「專業證照」為衡量專業能力之重要標準，惟目前國內從事人體骨骼肌肉調理服務人員之資格，除勞委會對視障者從事按摩訂有相關管理辦法外，尚無限制。 本研究之目的，即在於探討從事人體骨骼肌肉調理服務人員執業證照管理問題，研究架構先行確立專業證照概念，彙整人體骨骼肌肉調理服務模式，藉由專業證照概念討論人體骨骼肌肉調理從業人員證照管理。研究方法採用檔案文獻分析（Archival analysis）。藉由蒐集與本研究相關之文獻，包含相關學術著作、期刊、論文及政府出版品，閱讀相關專業人員法規，並從民眾需求觀點、從業人員之知能、及美國、日本及中國大陸地區人體骨骼肌肉調理從業人員相關管理情形，並對其執業內容涉及醫療專業或衛生需求所致之危險程度，加以歸納及整理，提供政府規劃權能相符之證照管理機制之參考。 本文經由國內外現行證照管理制度層面資料得知，發現相關國家專業人員證照管理模式，涉及該國文化背景、教育體制、考試內容、社會經濟及相關法制規範，證照分類及效力不盡相同，尚無法類推適用於我國。至於業務管理層面，則建議（1）優先規範對人體危險性高之民俗調理項目。（2）建議由行政院衛生署為該業之中央目的事業主管機關。（3）相關部會依其權責，分別由勞委會辦理相關技術士證照考試；經濟部依公司法、商業法之規定，讓業者辦理公司、商業登記，由政府納入管理及輔導，以促進該產業發展。

Professional certification is an important criterion for assessing professional competence. However, in terms of personnel qualifications for human skeletal muscle conditioning services (SMCS), except the license applied for visually impaired persons engaged in massage and related manipulative techniques issued by the Council of Labor Affairs, there is no licensing mechanism in this regard. The purpose of this study is to explore license management of the personnel engaging in human skeletal muscle conditioning services. To approach this issue from the perspective of professional licensing, the study first articulates the concept of professional licenses, and then put together various models providing human skeletal muscle conditioning services currently available in Taiwan. The study mainly applies a archival analysis method. Data for the analysis were collected from academic literatures and government publications, and current professional regulation documents in the United States, Japan and mainland China. By analyzing, comparing, integrating the available materials, this research focuses particularly on the control of potential risk that might involve during the process of services delivery, in order to propose possible mechanisms as a frame of reference for future license management. The results of analysis indicate that due mainly to differences in cultural background, educational and training system, the content of exam, social, economic and legal characteristics, license classification and licensing effect, the management mechanisms in the other countries are not applicable in our country. As for the business management level, it is suggested that (1) top priority should be assigned to folk services with high-risk, (2) the Department of Health should be the major governing authority for SMCS, and (3) management system with a clear division of power should assign technical certification exams handled by the Council of Labor Affairs, and the Ministry of Economic Affairs, in accordance with the company law and commercial law, will allow business to apply for company and business registration. It is expected that the SMCS industry can be promoted by means of government supervision and support.