中國大陸的刑事政策變遷及走向—以死緩制度為中心

Abstract

死刑緩期二年制度是中華人民共和國（下稱「中國大陸」）特有之制度，本研究主要是關於在中國大陸刑事政策變遷之下死刑緩期二年制度係如何發展的。首先本文介紹中國大陸之刑事政策之沿革與刑法之修法，其次探討死刑緩期二年制度其自中國大陸立法公布施行後，中間經歷修法，對於死刑問題之影響與未來發展狀況，並探討死緩制度本身對於廢除死刑是否有所影響，此外討論死刑緩期二年制度在中國大陸是如何實際執行與如何裁量，並透過實際案例進行分析死刑和死刑緩期二年制度運作的實際狀況。 最後探討限制死刑之配套方案，如終身監禁、赦免制度等是否可行，這些制度與死緩制度何者為保障人權較好的方案。

The death sentence with two years suspended execution is unique to People's Republic of China（hereinafter referred to as“China”）, the purpose of this study is concerned with how the death sentence with two years suspended execution to development on the transition of criminal policy in China. First of all, this article describes the evolution of the criminal policy in People's Republic of China and the revision of criminal law. Secondly, this article investigates the death sentence with two years suspended execution’s impact on death penalty and future development since the death sentence with two years suspended execution went into effect of its promulgation and through the law amendment. It also discusses whether the death sentence with two years suspended execution has an impact on abolition of the death penalty or not. In addition to, this study discusses how the death sentence with two years suspended execution is actually implemented and how to make discrepancies in People's Republic of China. And this study analyzes the actual status of the death penalty and death sentence with two years suspended execution through practical cases.

Finally, this article investigates to whether the complementary measures of abolition of the death penalty can be restriction, like life in prison, institution of pardon etc. And those measures which one is better for human rights protection.