以知識本體探討異質空間地理資料語意整合

Abstract

空間地理資料是地理資訊系統的根本，沒有空間地理資料的話，地理資訊系統無用武之地，由此足見空間地理資料之重要性。近年空間地理資料製圖技術純熟以及網路科技已長足進步，Web GIS之興起，讓空間地理資料使用者大幅增加，因為資料取得便利、網路平台大量被開發及資料使用者大多為一般人而不是專家，更增顯異質資料整合之重要性。目前異質資料整合課題雖然已解決資料格式、網路服務規格等問題，但資料語意整合層次仍有待克服，資料語意整合問題獲得解決後，資料全面整合、應用及互操作之目標才得以實現。本研究以資訊科領域中的知識本體技術，探討異質空間地理資料整合，知識本體可以提供語意描述，先建立單一領域知識本體描述及記錄資料名稱語意後，再透過知識本體對應方式，記錄跨領域類別之語意關連，希望藉此讓Web GIS將跨領域的空間地理資料資源正確且有效地整合運用，降低資料應用錯誤之風險。

Geographic data is the basis of geographic information systems (GIS). If there were no geographic data, GIS would be useless, and this proves the importance of geographic data. The maturation of geographic data mapping technology and the development of internet technology in recent years has given rise to Web GIS, which significantly increased the amount of users of geographic data. Due to the facts that data access is easier, vast numbers of web platforms were developed, and ordinary data users outnumber the experts, the importance of integrating heterogeneous data cannot be overemphasized. Although the study of heterogeneous geographic data integration has solved problems such as data formatting and internet service specifications, integration at the level of data semantic remains unsolved. If and only if the data semantic problem is solved, can the goal of comprehensive data integration, application and interoperability be achieved. This study aims to integrate heterogeneous geographic data by using ontology technology from information science discipline. Ontology can provide semantic description, starting with establishing single domain ontology description and recording semantic of data name, followed by recording semantic correlations among multi-disciplines by using ontology mapping. Web GIS would integrate and utilize multidisciplinary geographic data accurately and effectively, and reduce the risk of data application errors.