新型星輪爬樓梯機之研製

Abstract

台灣老年人口比率在10年內將高達 20.1％，高齡化社會成為台灣即將面對的問題。2010年全台無電梯之舊式公寓高達總住宅公寓43%，上下樓是住在舊式公寓老年人的一大障礙，爬樓梯機的需求將越來越高，然而市售爬梯機仍然存在許多問題，例如振動大、乘坐傾斜度大，體積龐大不易搬運等。本研究嘗試解決這些問題，希望研發創新的爬梯機構，幫助住在無電梯公寓的老年人或行動不便者。 本研究首先訂定設計目標、需求，詳讀相關文獻，分析目前市場上的爬梯機，找出適合的機構，再利用繪圖軟體Solidworks繪製3D模型，經過材料力學分析以及動態模擬分析，完成爬梯機構設計。最後實際製作出新型星輪爬梯機。本機長49公分，寬72公分，高142公分，重量為32公斤。本機特色包括:(1)乘客可站立且面對樓梯上下樓，可降低懼怕感，並讓操作者隨時注意乘客的身心狀況;(2)改善星輪接觸樓梯瞬間產生的撞擊振動，經由動態模擬顯示，能將產生震動的加速度0.3g降低為0.1g;(3)可移動的踏板和平衡系統，可使乘客保持站立姿態，動態測試結果，踏板角度變化範圍在10°~15°，可增加安全性;(4)摺疊時尺寸長43公分，寬72公分，高75公分，可以放在一般小客車後車廂，便於運輸。本爬梯機不僅在便利性及創新上有所突破，更大幅提升安全性，相較於市面上的爬梯機產生更大的價值。

Taiwan's population is getting old. The ratio of elder people will reach 20.1% in 10 years. In 2010, apartments without elevators accounted for 43% of the total number of residential apartments, and the staircases in these apartments present a major obstacle to the elder people. The demand for stair climbing machines are increasing, but there are still many problems with the machines, such as vibration, sitting comfort and difficulties to carry. This research was to solve these problems, the goals was to develop a novel stair-climbing machine to help elder people living in no-elevator apartments. The first step was to set the design goals. Then we reviewed the literature and analyzed the stair-climbing machines in the market. We used the Solidworks to build the 3D model. After analyzing of mechanical material strength and dynamic simulations, we constructed the novel stair-climbing machine. The machine is 49 cm long, 72 cm wide and 142 cm high. The weight is 32 kg. The features includes (1) people can stand on the pedal and face staircases while climbing to reduce fear, also the operator can look at his client at any time; (2) reduction of contact and the impact between the starwheel and staircases. Simulation results showed that it was possible to reduce vibration from 0.3 G to 0.1 G; (3) movable pedal and a balance system which allows the passenger to stand in a near straight posture. The test results showed that pedal angle changed in the range of 10 ° ~ 15 °; (4) The machine in folding mode is 43 cm long, 72 cm wide, 75 cm high, so that it can be placed in the car trunk and is easy to transport. The machine not only provides convenience and innovation, but also enhances the safety. Thus, comparing to other machines in the market, we have better quality and value.