應用於壓電能源擷取之可重構式同步切換介面電路

Abstract

近年來，各式感測器、無線裝置等電子產品推陳出新，對於電量需求越來越高，大多仍需要使用電池充放電，以滿足使用者的用電需求，但在某些情境下，更換電池並非一件容易的事情，能源擷取系統因此而受到關注，其中微型壓電能量擷取器，在擷取環境中振動能時，擁有較高能量密度及高穩定度。 而壓電能量擷取技術需要透過擷取介面電路，方能有效率的獲得能源。在近幾年的研究中，被提出來的電路皆有各自的特性，例如：負載隔離、高轉換效率......等等，當壓電能源擷取器之輸出條件改變時，單一介面電路可能無法跟著其變動而調整架構或特性，故本論文嘗試結合各介面電路，透過開關切換控制，讓各架構能實踐在同一個電路上。 本論文提出之重構式壓電能源擷取介面電路，選用六個架構 (Switch-only rectifier, P-SSHI, S-SSHI, SICE, SECE, or S3BF) 以適應多種擷取狀況，除了能適應不同的震動源外，也能提升能源擷取效率，並採用TSMC 0.25 μm CMOS製程實現、驗證，提供壓電能源擷取系統一個全新的介面電路選擇。

In recent years, there are more and more sensors combing with wireless transmis-sion capability have been invented and implemented into our daily life. As the result, the demand for micropower level is getting higher and higher. Traditionally, most of these products are powered by batteries. However, the replacement of batteries and the labor cost accompanied with cannot be ignored after a working period. To overcome this dilemma, scientists are trying to scavenge the energy from the environment. To make a comprehensive survey of energy resource, the vibration energy is the second place of energy sources with high energy density and high stability in the environment. To scavenge the vibration energy, the piezoelectric materials are used to fabricate the harvesters to convert vibration into electricity. However, the electricity is in form of AC after scavenging by harvesters which cannot be used for electronics devices di-rectly. Thus, the interface circuit required for an energy harvesting system. In this work, we try to design a universal synchronous switching circuit in integrated type fabricated by TSMC with 0.25-μm high voltage CMOS technology. It can be reconfig-ured into different topologies. With pre-programmed MCU, circuit topologies can be changed into different form to extract power for different excitation and loading con-dition by controlling the different patterns of signal sequence. Therefore, we realize a reconfigurable method that can optimize to power output by switching into a load-independent topology or optimal load topology based on application condition. The proposed circuit could be switched into different switching topologies, including Switch-only rectifier, P-SSHI, S-SSHI, SICE, SECE and S3BF. We propose and realize a reconfigurable interface circuit for piezoelectric energy extraction systems in this thesis that can be adopted for different applying condition.